1. Chapter 24 Truman And Cold War America, 1945 - 1952

2. The beginnings U.S. most powerful nation USSR – Control over Eastern Europe Spread of Communist ideology Containment George Kennan Prevent Soviet (Communist) expansion

3. England and US The Iron Curtain Western Europe vs. Eastern Europe The Truman Doctrine Democracy vs. Communism Aid to Turkey and Greece National Security Council and Central Intelligence Agency NSC68 – increased military spending to combat communism

4. Economic Policy The Marshall Plan (June 1947) US $ to Europe reconstruction Prevent Communism The Reconstruction of Japan Women’s suffrage Small military force Supported economic expansion and trade

5. Berlin Soviet blockade of goods to West Berlin Berlin Airlift – supplies to West Berlin Blockade lifted

6. Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company Map 23.1 Cold War Europe, 1956

7. Soviet Power 1 st Atomic Bomb (1949) North Atlantic Treaty Organization Western Europe, US, and Canada Warsaw Pact USSR and Eastern Europe

8. China Mao Zedong “People’s Republic of China” – Communist US recognized Taiwan government instead

9. Korean War North Korea Soviet controlled communist state South US controlled anti-communist state 1950: North invades in attempt to Unite UN authorized action General MacArthur takes N. Korea Fired after disagreeing with Truman China pushes UN forces south 1953: Armistice – no formal peace treaty

11. Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company Map 23.2 The Korean War, 1950-1953

12. Ideologies Cold War Critics Avoid ideological decisions Intervention abroad Imperialism and Decolonization 1946 – Philippines independence Britain and France kept colonies “Free World” – all anti Communist S. Africa – Apartheid regime

13. Universal Declaration of Human Rights Adopted by UN in 1948 Not enforceable Desire for national sovereignty

14. The Truman Presidency Post WWII GI benefits Women out of work The Fair Deal Increase minimum wage National health care Public housing, Social Security, and educational aid

15. The Truman Presidency The Postwar Strike Wave Operation Dixie: AFL and CIO bring unions to the south Reduced overtime and inflation led to strikes Truman anti-union The Republican Resurgence 1946 elections: House and Senate under Republican control

16. The Truman Presidency Postwar Civil Rights Increased rights for African Americans Decreased racial violence Military desegregated Desegregation in Sports Jackie Robinson To Secure These Rights (1947) End segregation in housing, employment, education, and criminal justice Rejected by Congress

17. The Truman Presidency The Dixiecrat Southern Democrats against Civil Rights plan Strom Thurmond “complete segregation of the races” Progressive Party Henry Wallace Expand welfare and integration Work with Communists not against

18. Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company Map 23.3 The Presidential Election of 1948

20. House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) Communist influence in Hollywood Blacklisted Hollywood Ten Arrested for Contempt of Congress Free Speech and political association

21. Spy Cases Alger Hiss State department official 5 years in prison for perjury Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Jewish Atom bomb secrets to Soviets Evidence too secret to be revealed Executed in 1953

22. McCarthyism Joseph McCarthy (Senator) 205 Communists at State Department Never identified anyone Disloyalty in Defense Department McCarthyism: abuse of power in name of Anti-Communism