1. Chapter 4 5 - Segregation

2. Republicans Break the power of the wealthy planters Make sure African Americans rights were protected WARM-UP Who dominated politics during the time of Reconstruction? What goals did they have?

3. The End of Reconstruction By the 1870s Radical Republicans were losing power and corruption caused people to lose faith in their policies. New technologies (telephone) had northerners looking to the future. They decided to let the South run their own governments again. Radical Republicans Lose Power

4. Congress passed the Amnesty Act in 1872 Amnesty Act- restored the right to vote to nearly all white Southerners. Southern states became predominantly Democratic. Amnesty Act of 1872 AT THE SAME TIME Threats of violence kept African Americans from voting.

5. Financial Panic Swept the Nation In the 1870’s major fires in Boston & Chicago hurt insurance industry. Depression lasted 5 years. Unemployment & starvation followed the North lost even more interest

6. Compromise of 1877 Marked the end of Reconstruction Samuel Tilden (Dem) wins popular vote vs Rutherford B. Hayes (Rep) wins electoral vote 4 states are disputed – all go to Hayes Hayes (Republican) becomes president Was a deal made? Removes federal troops from the south – ending Reconstruction Federal money is used to rebuild southern railroads

7. Impact of the End of Reconstruction Conservatives (Democrats) gained power, dominating southern politics African Americans begin to lose rights The rise of the KKK during Reconstruction set black progress back to where it was pre-civil war.

8. STOP~THINK~DISCUSS How do you think Southern Democrats resentful of equality will try and return the south to the way it was before? (Slavery is illegal, they can not get that back.)

9. Voting Restrictions Poll Taxes- required voters to pay a fee each time they voted Literacy Tests- required voters to read and explain a section of the Constitution. Most freedmen could not read or write. Grandfather Clause- if a white man’s father or grandfather could vote, then so could he The way around Lit. Tests for poor whites

10. Segregation Segregation- legal separation of races. Jim Crow Laws- laws that separated blacks and whites in schools, restaurants, theaters, trains, hospitals, streetcars, playgrounds, hospitals, and even cemeteries. Plessy v. Ferguson- court case which ruled that segregation was legal. (This would be legal as long as both facilities were equal, however this was rarely the case.)

11. African American response  Ida B Wells – launched a campaign against lynching  moved to Chicago for  Lynching = Executed by hanging without a legal trial  Mary Church Terrell – battled against lynching, racism, and sexism  Helped found NAACP

12. African American Response  Booker T Washington – proposed African Americans concentrate on achieving economic goals over political ones  W.E.B. Du Bois – concerned with protecting and exercising voting rights

13. Exit out What is the long term impact that voting restrictions and segregation will have on the South?