1. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 Schematic of Smartbatt casing and packing of modules with the front part to the left in the figure (figure courtesy of Eva-Maria Hirtz at Fraunhofer LBF) Figure Legend:

2. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 The heat transfer coefficients estimated by the FDS simulations for the battery casing in the pool fire model Figure Legend:

3. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 The temperatures as estimated by the Comsol calculations on the middle lower side of the battery casing Figure Legend:

4. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 Battery module/brick configuration prior to sealing the casing prototype. Note battery module, fitted with thermocouples, in center of larger volume shown on right. Figure Legend:

5. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 Thermocouple placement, thermocouple 1–9 is placed against the bottom of the casing while thermocouple 12–15 is placed on the battery module and Thermocouple 17 and 19 is between the module and the casing. Note that thermocouples 16 and 18 are placed in wells within the battery module. Thermocouple 11 is attached to the manual disconnect in the tunnel. Figure Legend:

6. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 Temperature measurements inside the casing prototype during the fire resistance test Figure Legend:

7. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 Close up on some of the temperature measurements inside the casing prototype during the fire resistance test Figure Legend:

8. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 HRR during fire resistance test. The dashed line represent the prescribed HRR used in the FDS simulations. Figure Legend:

9. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 The heat transfer coefficients estimated by the FDS simulations for the battery casing in for the measured HRR Figure Legend:

10. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 The temperatures as estimated by the Comsol (dashed line), Abaqus (solid line) worst case calculations, and the test data (dashed- dotted line) on the middle lower side of the battery module Figure Legend:

11. Date of download: 6/23/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Experimental and Numerical Characterization of an Electrically Propelled Vehicles Battery Casing Including Battery Module J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl. 2014;6(4):041015-041015-7. doi:10.1115/1.4028178 Temperature at different depths of the battery module at the middle of the battery module in the center of rear part after 120 s into the test Figure Legend: