2. In your notebook write down what you think this statement means. If people were able to live how ever they wanted and do whatever they wanted, would you have total freedom or something else. Homework: write a 5 paragraph essay which includes an introduction and conclusion on the following question. “What is the Purpose of Government” (3 items)

3. Bureaucrat – The non-elected officials who work for a government and carry out its policies. Fascism – A totalitarian system of government under which a dictator maintains rigid control over all aspects of the people’s lives. Government – A system for making and enforcing rules; the organization that carries our public policy decisions. Nation – A geographic area with clearly defined boundaries whose people are united under an independent government. Laissez-faire – The idea that governments should keeps its hands off business affairs.

4. Oligarchy – A system of government in which decisions are made by a small, privileged group. Sovereignty – Freedom from control; power of a nation to make its own laws, carry on relations with other countries, and set economic goals. Totalitarianism – A system of government in which power is concentrated in the hands of a single person or party and in which opposition is not permitted. Liberal – A political viewpoint that supports the greater use of government as a means of achieving social progress. Radical – A political viewpoint that supports violence in the existing system of government Conservative – a political viewpoint that believes in limiting the role of government in people’s lives.

5. Defining a Nation 1.Clearly defined boundaries (Singapore – Russia) 2.Population (Vatican – China) 3.Sovereignty – The right to make own decisions 4.Government – (Dictatorship – Republic) 5.Unique Culture – (4 th of July, language)

6. What do Modern Governments have in Common  Legislative– The law makers provide a link between the executive and people.  Executive - They administer the nation’s day to day business. This includes most of the Bureaucrats.  Judicial – Judges administer the law and try to provide society with some stability.

7. Because no two governments are alike Political Scientist classify them according to: 1. Location of Power 2. The Way Political Decisions are made 3. The Way Economic Decisions are made

8. Power is held in three basic systems of Government A.Unitary Government – Power is concentrated in the central government. B. Federal Government – Power is shared between the central and local governments. C. Confederate Government – Most of the power stays with the local governments.

9. A.Totalitarian Government: 1. Identified by four Characteristics a. They usually come to power by violent means. b. Use force to control or eliminate opposition. c. They control the schools and media and use propaganda to sell message. d. Rulers form an elite, privileged class.

10. 2. There are three basic totalitarian governments. a. Monarchy – Usually creates a dynasty b. Oligarchy – Rule by few, usually military leaders c. Dictatorship – Person, party, or class has absolute power.

11. B. Democratic Governments: 1.Direct Democracy – A direct democracy is where the citizens vote on almost every community decision. 2. Indirect Democracy – An indirect democracy is when the community elects representatives who will decisions for the community.

14. Financial Support for Governments can be obtained by: 1. Borrow money at home and abroad. 2. Collect Taxes 3. Go into business for itself 4. Expand the economy by developing new resources 5. Take resources from weaker countries

15. In the next slide write down what you see in the picture

16. Write down what you see in the picture. Perception is real. Do you see the big picture?

17. There are three main economic systems in the world: 1.Capitalism is where the production and the distribution of goods and services are privately owned. Capitalism is based on four main ideas. Free enterprise – people have the right to choose the way they want to make a living. Private ownership – people not governments own and operate businesses. Profit Motive – everything has value Competition – This should create cheaper and better products

18. 2. Socialism – Government owns the means of production This will include, natural resources transportation, health care, banking and communication. 3. Communism – The government controls everything economically and tries to control everything politically and socially.

19. 1.The last thing the colonists wanted when establishing a government was to give too much power to a central government 2.The Articles of Confederation required the following: a. each state got one vote b. 2/3 approval for a bill to pass c. 100% approval for an amendment to pass d. Had to ask the states for money and army 3.These measures weakened the Federal government to a point of having 13 separate nations. Open the book ‘Summer of 1787’ to pages 8-9

21. Turn ‘The Summer of 1787’ to the Following pages: Page 29 Page 38

23. We, the people of the United States of America

24. In order to form a more perfect Union The Founding Fathers believed that this constitution was “more perfect” then the Articles of Confederation. By 1787 the 13 states were acting more like 13 separate nations. The Founding Fathers also realized that this constitution would be a constant evolving document in an effort to create a “perfect union”. List some major problems left undone by the Founding Fathers.

25. Establish Justice, The absence of a federal court system under the Articles of Confederation caused serious problems for the new nation. Although each colony had adopted such British traditions as the common law and trial by jury, laws and courts varied widely between states

26. Domestic Tranquility One of the concerns of the Framers was that the government prior to that under the Constitution was unable, by force or persuasion, to quell rebellion or quarrels amongst the states. The government watched in horror as Shay's Rebellion transpired just before the Convention, and some states had very nearly gone to war with each other over territory (such as between Pennsylvania and Connecticut over Wilkes-Barre). One of the main goals of the Convention, then, was to ensure the federal government had powers to squash rebellion and to smooth tensions between states. Insure Domestic Tranquility,

27. Provide For The Common Defense Under the Articles of Confederation the Federal Government had a very difficult time raising an army or navy to defend the new nation

28. Promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution of the United States of America.