1. Animal Farm By: George Orwell VOCABULARY

2. Chapter 1:  benevolent – showing kindness or goodwill  cynical – distrustful of human nature  enmity – extreme ill-will or hatred between enemies  ensconced – settled in comfortably or securely  lurched – moved with unsteadiness from side to side  regarded – thought deeply about someone or something  scullery – a small room for washing and storing dishes and utensils and doing kitchen chores.  trodden – trampled or stepped on

3. Chapter 2  capered – jumped playfully  disciples – followers of a philosophy or religion  expounded – gave a detailed description  gamboled – leaped or skipped playfully  lowing – mooing like a cow  maltreating – mistreating; treating badly  reproached – criticized or blamed  vivacious – lively and high-spirited

4. Chapter 3  acute – serious; severe  cryptic – puzzling; confusing  implements – tools or instruments  indefatigable – showing no sign of tiring  maxim – saying; proverb  obstinate – stubborn; refusing to change  parasitical – living in or on another organism  resolutions – decisions; goals for the future

5. Chapter 4  alighted – landed or settled after a flight  conferred – discussed something in order to compare opinions; compared views  contemptible – worthy of disrespect and contempt  dung – manure; animal excrement  ignominious – shameful; despicable  impromptu – done or said spontaneously  posthumously – occurring or published after death  prophecy – a vision or foretelling

6. Chapter 5  articulate – eloquent; able to speak clearly  biding – staying; waiting  blithely – cheerfully; without care or concern  disinterred – dug up; exposed something hidden  marshal – gather and organize  pretext – a hidden reason; a made-up excuse  ratified – formally approved  tactics – plans and procedures for forces in battle

7. Chapter 6  grudged – resented; felt ill-will towards  indignation – anger at unfairness  laborious – requiring a lot of work  malignity – with intense hatred or will to harm  rations – fixed amount (esp. of food) allocated to a group  reconciled – made peace; ended conflict  repose – a state of rest or inactivity  superintendence – having charge over someone or something

8. Chapter 7  capitulated – gave in to an argument; surrendered  countenance – a face or expression on a face  decreed – gave an official order or ruling  gilded – covered with gold; appeared as if covered with gold  pervading – spreading throughout  procure – to acquire something  retribution – punishment for wrongdoing; vengeance  seasoned – dried-out before use; old

9. Chapter 8  conciliatory – used or meant to make peace  lamentation – expression of grief or sorrow  leagued – joined a group with common goals  meddle – interfere in someone else’s concerns  retinue –followers; entourage  sentinels – guards; watchmen  skulking – moving in a sneaky way  surmounted – overcame great difficulty

10. Chapter 9  complicity – involvement in something illegal or wrong  interment – burial of a dead body  knacker – someone who kills horses for profit  piebald – multicolored; spotted  poultices – moist substances applied to a wound  superannuated – retired; old; useless; out of style  tureen – serving bowl  wafted – floated gently through the air

11. Chapter 10  denounced – criticized sharply  filial – parental; like a parent  frugally – with thrift; cheaply  invariably – always or almost always  morose – withdrawn; saddened  rheumy – watery  taciturn – reserved; silent by nature  witticism – a witty or clever remark