2. TTTT hhhh eeee A A A A tttt tttt rrrr iiii bbbb uuuu tttt iiii vvvv eeee C C C C llll aaaa uuuu ssss eeee Oct. 2004 江苏省上冈高级中学 金兰娟

3. Learn the following words and phrases: the attributive clause the restrictive clause the non-restrictive clause relative pronouns relative adverbs

4. Li Hua is a student. She is a girl. She is 16. Her dad is a teacher. Her mother is a teacher,too. She is our monitor. She is very strict with us. This makes us angry. We all like her. Combine the following sentences, using attributive clause and some conjunctions.

5. Li Hua, a girl student of 16, whose parents are both teachers, is our monitor. She is very strict with us, which makes us angry, but we all like her.

6. Zhang Manyu is a Chinese. She is an actress. She is famous. She is from HongKong. She acted many films. HERO is one of the films. Zhang Manyu, who is a famous Chinese actress from HongKong, acted many films, one of which is HERO.

7. apple the red the green the small the big The apple which is red is mine. The apple which is green is yours. The apple which is red is small The apple which is green is big.

8. the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty boy The boy is Tom. The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy who is tall is Tom. The boy who is strong is Tom The boy who is clever is Tom The boy who is naughty is Tom.

9.  The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.  The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. ( 主语 ) The boy who has a round face is Tom.  The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The man who sits in front of me is Tom.

10.  The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind. ( 宾语 )  The woman got the job. We saw her on the street. The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.  The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.

11.  The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him. The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab. The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.  This is the boy. I sit behind him. This is the boy (whom) I sit behind. This is the boy behind whom I sit.

12.  The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady. The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot.  Do you know the man? You will visit him today. Do you know the man whom you will visit today?

13. 关系代词 : 1. who 指人, 作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略） The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief. 2. whom 指人, 作宾语 ( 作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省 ) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li. 3. 當先行詞是 those, she,he,they 等代詞時, 關係代詞用 who. Those who were late for class raise your hands.

14.  Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.  Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night. Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night. Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?

15. Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now. Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now? Do you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now?

16. 3. which 指物， 作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省 ) These are the trees which were planted last year. This recorder （ which ） he is using is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books?

17.  that 指人 / 物，作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about.

18.  that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用 that 而不用 which 。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read. This is the very book that belongs to him. (1) 先行词为 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 (2) 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等 修饰时。 (3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 (4) 先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。

19.  that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用 that 而不用 which 。  (5) 先行词是 who 或 who 引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished.  (6) 主句以 There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing.  (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作 be 表语時，关系 代词用 that. She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago. (8) 当先行词是 which 时，关系代词用 that. Which is the book that you bought last week?

20. He is the man (that) I told you about.  注意：介词提前时只能用 which 而不能用 that 。 4. that 指人 / 物，作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine that can fly. Is this the library from which you borrow books? from that

21. (1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday. The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it. The dress that she is wearing is new. which Ø

22. (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film. He is the kind person that I have ever worked with. who whom Ø This is the best film that I have ever seen. Ø

23.  that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用 which 而不用 that 。  (1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词 作宾语（介词提前） Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.  (2) 在非限制性定语从句中 Football, which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.

24. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句： My sister, who is twenty, works in a bank. The man who came here yesterday has come again. 限制性定语从句 是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。 非限制性定语从句 和主句关系不很密切，只是对先 行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。 这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。

25. whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词 与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose 多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which 互换使用。 This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue.

26. Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class? Do you know the girl? Her hair is very short in our class. He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday. He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.

27. Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. Mr King was quickly taken to hospital. Her legs were badly hurt. Her We shall make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have told you. We shall make a decision about Ms King. I have told you her story. her

28. This teacher, with whose son I work, is liked by all the students. This teacher is liked by all the students. I work with her son. The chair is being repaired now. The legs of the chair are broken. The chair whose legs are broken is being repaired now. The chair, the legs of which are broken, is being repaired now.

29. The boss of the company, whose name was Mr Little, told the story about Ms King. The boss of the company told the story about…. His name was Mr Little. His The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident. The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his department. his

30. 复习定语从句中的关系副词： when, where, why

31. when 在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 “ 介词 + 关系代词（ which ） ” 。 I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league. on which where 在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于 “ 介词 + 关系代词（ which ） ” 。 This is the house where I lived two years ago. in which

32. why 在定语从句中作原因状语，相当 于 “ 介词 for+ 关系代词（ which ） ” 。 Do you know the reason why she was late. It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class.

33. * As 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别： 1.Which 引导的从句与主句关系较密切，常放在主句之后；而 as 引导从句， 可放在句首、句中或句尾。 2.Which 既可代指先行词，又可代指整个主句的内容。相当于 “and this” or “ and that”. 译为 “ 这一点 ” 。 而 as 则只能代指整个主句的内容。译为 “ 正如 ….. 那样 ” ，且已形成固定结构。 如： as is known, as is said, as is reported, as is often the case, as is expected. Etc. eg. Einstein, as is known, is a famous scientist. As is reported, China has become an important country in the world. He didn’t come to attend the meeting, as is expected. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child.

34. 1.He is the man___ house the pictures are taken. A. whose B.which C.from whose D.that 2.He lives in the flat,___he can see___ is happen- ing in the street. A.there/what B.where/something C.from whose window/all that 3.That was the most interesting film___I have seen. A. whose B.that C. which D.what 4.Ahead of me I saw a woman___I thought was my aunt. A. who B. whom C. from whom D. of whom 5.Watch the girl and her dog___are crossing the street. A. who B. which C. that D. they

35. 6. He is the very one of the students____ good at English. A. who does B.that is C.whom do D.which are 7.The second book___I want to read is Traveis in China by Rewi Alley. A. which B. that C. what D.as 8.He is the same teacher___spoke at the meeting on the opening ceremony. A. as B. whom C. that D. who 9.The days___I spent in the countryside in my childhood was the happiest time___I had ever had in my life. D. that/that A. when/when B. when/that C. that /which

36. Thank you!