1. Study Questions 4/2/2015 1. What is Democracy? 2. What is Communism? (Glossary) 3. Typically do leaders of communist and democratic nations agree on government policies?

2. Review U.S. Enters WWII Stalin wants Allies to open W. Front D-Day Battle of the Bulge Allies move into Germany V-E Day Germany officially surrenders Victory in Pacific Battle of Leyte Gulf Kamikaze Iwo Jima US drops A-Bomb on Hiroshima Japanese surrender WWII over

3. Objectives What were conditions like in post war Europe? What happened to the Nazis after WWII? How did MacArthur treat the Japanese during the US occupation?

4. California State Standard 10:8:6 Discuss the human costs of the war, with particular attention to the civilian and military losses in Russia, Germany, Britain, the United States, China and Japan

5. Europe and Japan in Ruins Ch. 16.5 Pgs. 514-517

6. Setting the Stage Main Idea: –WWII cost: 1.Billions of $$$ 2.Millions of lives –Europe, Japan in ruins Why it matters now: –US survives undamaged, for the most part, allows it to become a world leader –Allies had achieved victory at a very high cost

7. **Do not Write**

8. **Do not write** **Write this** Remember millions are displaced –Holocaust survivors –People fled when their homes became the battle fronts After war, crops destroyed –Thousands die from starvation, disease

9. Post War Govt. Many Europeans blame prewar govt. for war –Germany oust NAZI party –Italy oust Fascist –France’s “Vichy” govt conspired with NAZI –France, Italy # of Communists sky rockets Nazis Ousted

10. Nuremberg Trials 1945-1946 –22 NAZI members charged with Crimes against Humanity Waging a war of aggression 12 Found guilty –Life in Prison or Hung Hermann Goring Commander of Luftwaffe Rudolf Hess Hitler’s Deputy

11. Nuremberg Trials –Hans Frank - Only Nazi who expressed remorse for his actions “A thousand years will pass, and still the guilt of Germany will not be erased” –10 Nazi leaders hung Oct 16, 1946, their bodies were cremated in the same ovens that had burned millions of their victims What Happened to the Rest of the Nazis Other trials, South America, Egypt, ? Low ranking Nazis blended back into society

12. Video: Nuremberg Trials https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWR2I 5Q9d9Uhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWR2I 5Q9d9U

13. Post War Japan Defeat left Japan in Ruins 2 million dead Stripped of its empire –No more colonies –(Where were their colonies?) Tokyo, Hiroshima, Nagasaki were destroyed : -- Bombing raids -- A-Bomb

14. Hiroshima

15. Hiroshima After

16. MacArthur in Charge 1945-1952 –General Douglas MacArthur: in charge (Scap) Determined to be fair –No seeds for future war Demilitarization: –Dismantle Japanese military »Only small police force –War criminals brought to trial »Out of 25, 7 condemned to hang »HEDIKI TOJO was hanged

17. Democratization: -Creating a democracy the Japanese were handed the task but they took to long -U.S. wrote New Constitution in 7 days -Japanese officials offended (Reminded of the Atomic Sunset) –Feb. 1946 Draft new constitution »Constitutional Monarch »Emperor no longer divine: (Not A God !) Would admit to Japan over the radio Revived econ. *Develop Industry and export economy. –Redistributed land –Gave workers, farmers right to vote

18. Japanese Education Restructured Pre War Education - Nationalistic, Militaristic, Rote Memorization, Emperor Worship Post War Education- Critical thinking in Japanese education Challenges of new system classroom management issues

19. 2 house parliament –All citizens over 20 (men and women) could vote –Prime Minister appointed by Diet –Bill of Rights –Article 9: »No Army »Japan could make war only if attacked

20. End of Japanese Occupation Sept. 1951 –U.S. and 47 other nations sign peace treaty with Japan –Treaty Officially Ended WWII 1952 US ends occupation –US est. Naval base To protect Japan Who will challenge U.S in the post war era?

21. Video: Post-WWII Japan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mE5Jf T-PrdQhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mE5Jf T-PrdQ What does this cartoon have to do with post-WWII Japan?

22. Capitalism vs. Communism Capitalism Private Ownership Private control Private planning Communism Govt. Ownership Govt. Control Govt. Planning

24. Compare and contrast the similarities and differences between Japan and Europe after WWII Europe Japan Both