1. Ms. Ha Ch. 17 Sec. 3

2.  A. The Japanese 1. Pearl Harbor missed:  a. U.S. submarines  b. U.S. aircraft carriers

4.  B. Japanese Advances 1. Over Southeast Asia a. French Indochina b. China c. Alaskan islands

5.  C. Doolittle’s Raid 1. U.S. : Doolittle 2. Bombed Tokyo 3. Spring 1942 4. Bolstered U.S. spirits

6.  A. Battle of Coral Sea 1. Air craft battle 2. Japanese stopped a. Didn’t reach Australia

7.  B. Battle of Midway 1. Turning point-Pacific War 2. Admiral Chester Nimitz  a. Naval leader in Pacific  b. Crushed Japanese fleet

8.  A. Iwo Jima 1. Strategic Island  a. Base to bomb Japan from  b. Heavily guarded: death toll  1) 6,000 U.S. Marines  2) 20,500 Japanese soldiers

9. 1. Last Japanese obstacle  a. Air Attack: 1,900 + Kamikaze pilots  1) Pilots killed 5,000 Navy members  2) 30 ships sunk - 300 damaged

10.  2. On shore: a) Fierce opposition b) Ended: June 21, 1945 1) 7,600 U.S. dead 2) 110,000 Japanese dead

11.  A. Manhattan Project 1. Lead scientist: J. Robert Oppenheimer 2. 600,000 Americans involved  a. First Test: July 16, 1945

12.  B. Truman warns Japan 1. Refused to surrender 2. Truman took responsibility

13.  C. Plane: Enola Gay 1. Hiroshima  a) August 6, 1945  b) Japanese military center  c) Japan will not surrender

16.  D. Nagasaki 1. August 9, 1945 2. Total in both blasts/radiation 3. Over 200,000 dead 4. Estimated saved over 1.5 million lives

17.  E. Emperor Hirohito surrenders 1. Sept. 2, 1945 2. On U.S. Missouri 3. “The entire world is quietly at peace”  -General MacArthur

19.  A. Yalta Conference 1. “Big Three”  F.D.R. / Churchill / Stalin  Feb. 1945 –before end of war  Roosevelt was the mediator

20.  B. Germany: divide into 4 zones 1. British/French/S.U./U.S. 2. Stalin: free elections in Poland 3. Stalin -yes: fight Japanese 4. Future conference: U.N.

21.  C. Nuremberg Trials 1. 24 Nazi leaders 2. Tried for war crimes 3. Town held trials: Nuremberg, Germany

22.  D. 12 Nazi’s=death sentence 1. Rest imprisoned 2. Another 200= guilty of war crimes 3. “ I was following orders” 4. Not tolerated: individual responsibility

23.  A. General MacArthur 1. U.S. forces: 8 years 2. Opened free-market 3. Women suffrage 4. Basic freedoms 5. Today: MacArthur Constitution