1. Ch 24 Sec 3

2.  I will be able to explain the rise of the Nazi party in Germany and the challenges to the world order.

3.  What was happening in Germany that helped pave the way for extremist parties to start to get control?

4.  Adolf Hitler developed his basic social and political ideas while he was in Vienna.  At the core of Hitler’s ideas was racism, especially anti-Semitism(hostility toward Jews)  He was an extreme nationalist that knew how effectively political parties could use propaganda and terror  He entered politics after the war in 1919 and took control of the party by 1921. He renamed it the Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party or Nazi party for short.

6.  Hitler staged an armed uprising against the government in Munich in November 1923, called the Beer Hall Putsch  Uprising was squashed and Hitler sent to prison  In prison he writes Mien Kampf(My Struggle).  In his book he links extreme German nationalism, strong anti-Semitism, and anticommunism together.  Hitler believes in a theory that says superior nations have a right to expansion and also the right of superior individuals to gain authoritarian leadership over the masses

8.  Hitler realized the Nazis needed to attain power by legal means and not a violent overthrow of the government.  By 1929 the Nazi party had over 800,000 members and was the largest party in the Reichstag (German Parliament)  Germany’s economic difficulties were a crucial factor in the Nazi rise to power  The Great Depression made extremist parties more attractive to people  Hitler promised a new Germany that appealed to nationalism and militarism

10.  The right wing German Elites looked to Hitler for leadership  Under pressure, President Hindenburg names Hitler Chancellor in 1933 and allows him to create a new government  Nazis take full control within a few months  The Enabling Act is passed on March 23, 1933  This Act allowed the government to ignore the Constitution for four years while it passed laws to deal with the country’s problems

11.  He no longer needed the Reichstag or the President to help in the decisions. Hitler became a dictator.  Nazis quickly brought all institutions under their control.  They set up concentration camps for people who opposed them  Trade unions were dissolved  All political parties were abolished except the Nazi party  In 1934 Hitler becomes sole ruler of Germany

12.  Hitler wanted to develop a totalitarian state  Hitler also wanted to develop of an Aryan racial state that would dominate Europe and possibly the world.  Nazis thought the Germans were the true descendants and leaders of the Aryans and would create another empire like that of the Romans.  Its was Hitler’s goal to create a Third Reich, the empire of Nazi Germany. After the first two German empires the Holy Roman Empire and the German Empire of 1871-1918

13.  The SS was an important force for maintaining order. Originally formed as Hitler’s personal bodyguard  Under Heinrich Himmler, the SS control not just Himmler’s secret police but also the regular police force  The SS was based on two principles: terror and ideology  The goal of the SS was to further the Aryan master race

15.  Terror included the instruments of repression and murder, secret police, criminal police, concentration camps, and later execution squads and death camps.

16.  Hitler used public works projects to put people back to work.  A massive rearmament program was key to solving the unemployment problem  Nazis used mass demonstrations to evoke mass enthusiasm and excitement.  Nazi totalitarian state also controlled churches, schools, and universities  Nazi professional and youth organizations taught Nazi ideas.

18.  In September 1935, the Nazis announced the Nuremberg laws  These laws defined who was considered a Jew(anyone with one Jewish grandparent)  Excluded Jews from German citizenship, stripped Jews of their civil rights, forbade marriages between Jews and German citizens  Jews were not allowed to teach or take part in the arts  Jews were required to wear yellow Stars of David and to carry ID cards saying they were Jews

20.  Violent phase of anti- Jewish activity began in November 1938  Nazis burned synagogues, destroyed 7000 Jewish businesses, 30,000 Jewish males were rounded up and sent to concentration camps  Later, Jews were barred from public transportation, all public buildings(schools and hospitals)  Prohibited from owning, managing, or working in any retail store  Under the direction from the SS, Jews were encouraged to “emigrate from Germany”.

22.  http://youtu.be/3C9iUaP51CI http://youtu.be/3C9iUaP51CI