1. Romanticism Period in European (American) history marked by the dawn of the Age of Revolution (particularly American and French Revolutions). Generally, stands as a reaction to the scientific-minded writings and ideas of The Enlightenment. Nature, particularly “The Sublime” Revolution and Nationalism The Personal, the Introspective, the Inner-self The Supernatural, Gothic The Exotic Calls upon The Medieval and The Ancient Intensive Metaphor Power of the Self (human emotion, perspective, etc.)

2. Realism Movement of art and literature during which a realistic or accurate portrayal of life was attempted. Realism’s grittiness and physicality stood as a reaction to the idealistic and spiritual Romanticism which dominated the art and culture of the early 19 th century. Realism was inspired by (ran concurrent with) thinkers like Charles Darwin and Karl Marx, and politically, stood in reaction to industrialization, a growing urban population, and political unrest. Social Injustice, Reform Class Distinctions Moral, Ethical behavior The reality (truth) of an individual’s contemporary life (as opposed to Romantic ideals)

3. The Charging Chasseur, Theodore Gericault (1812)

4. Washington Crossing the Delaware, Emanuel Leutze (1851)

5. The Veteran in a New Field, Winslow Homer (1865)

6. El Tres de Mayo, 1808, Francisco Goya (1823)

7. Execution of Maximilian of Mexico, Edouard Manet (1868)

8. The Fighting Temeraire Tugged to Her Last Berth to be Broken Up, J.M.W. Turner (1839)

9. The Stone Breakers, Gustave Courbet (1849)

10. The Barque of Dante, Eugene Delacroix (1822)

11. The Gleaners, Jean-Francois Millet (1857)

12. The Voyage of Life: Childhood, Youth, Manhood, Old Age, Thomas Cole (1840)

13. L’Absinthe, Edgar Degas (1876)

14. Dead Matador, Edouard Manet (1865)

15. El Capitan, Yosemite Valley, Albert Bierstadt (1875)

16. The Railway Station, William Powell Frith (1862)

17. Jacob’s Ladder, William Blake (1806)

18. The Gross Clinic, Thomas Eakins (1875)