1. Change Over Time- 7th Grade How do Life Forms Change over time?
Ms. De Los Rios
11.1
Essential Question:
How do Life Forms Change over time?
What is Evolution?
What Evidence Supports Evolution?
Evidence of Evolution
Pgs

2. Vocabulary
Evolution- Change over time. The process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms. Gene –a sequence of DNA that determines characteristics or traits in an organism and are passed on from parent to offspring. Homologous structures – Structures that are similar in different species and that have been inherited from a common ancestor.

3. My Planet Diary pg. 378 Moving On Up
In 2004, researchers on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, in the Canadian Arctic, found a fossil that provides information about when fish first came onto land. The fossil, called Tiktaalik, is 375 million years old. Tiktaalik has characteristics of both fish and four-legged animals. Like other fish, it has fins. However, the fins have interior bones that helped push the animal up in the shallow waters close to shore to find food. The discovery of Tiktaalik has provided new fossil evidence to help scientists understand the relationship between marine vertebrates and land vertebrates.
What characteristics does Tiktaalik have that are like a fish and a four-legged animal?
Do you think Tiktaalik spent most of its time on land or in water? Why?

4. Online Resources Brainpop
Charles Darwin
Human Evolution
Fossils
DNA

5. Evolution is change over time.
What is Evolution? Pg. 379
The diversity of life today and in the past can be explained by Evolution.
Evolution is change over time.
Over millions of years, evolution has resulted in organisms no longer living as well as the ones alive today. By understanding evolution, we can begin to understand the history of life on Earth.
The scientific theory of evolution explains how living things descended from earlier organisms.

6. Assess Your Understanding pg. 379
Wooly Mammoth are no longer living,
But they share a common ancestor
With Asian elephants.
List one similarity that you can see
between these two organisms. Then
list one difference.
____________________________
I get It! Now I know that the scientific theory of evolution
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. What Evidence Supports Evolution? Pg. 380
How do scientists know that organisms change over time? They rely on 4 types of evidence that support the theory of evolution
FOSSILS
SIMILARITIES IN DNA AND PROTEIN STRUCTURES
SIMILAR BODY STRUCTURES
PATTERNS OF EARLY DEVELOPMENT
Fossils, similarities in DNA and protein structures, similar body structures, and patterns of early development all provide evidence that organisms have changed over time.

8. FOSSILS pg. 380
By examining fossils, scientists can infer the structures of ancient/old organisms. The fossil record provides clues about how and when new species evolved and how organisms are related.
r. 2 p.
Jurassic Park

9. How do these jawbones look similar?
Fig. 2 A Florida Fossil pg. 380
How do these jawbones look similar?
____________________________________________________________________________________
How do they help to confirm the theory of evolution?

10. Similarities in DNA and Protein Structures pg. 381
Why do some species have similar body structures or similar patterns of development? Scientists infer that species inherited many of the same genes from a common ancestor. Genes are DNA sequences that determine an organism’s characteristics. The DNA bases along a gene specify what type of protein will be produced. Therefore, scientists can also compare the order of amino acids in a protein to see how closely related two species are. Evidence from DNA and protein structure has confirmed conclusions about evolutionary relationships among organisms based on fossils, embryos, and body structure.

11. Section of Cytochrome c Protein in Animals
Apply It! Pg. 381
Section of Cytochrome c Protein in Animals
The table shows the sequence of amino acids in one region of a protein, cytochrome c, for five different animals. Each letter corresponds to a different amino acid in the protein.
Which species is most
distantly related to the
horse?
2. Explain how amino
Acid sequences provide
Information about
Evolutionary relationships
Among organisms.

12. Similarities in Body Structure pg. 382
An organism’s body structure is its basic body plan, which, in vertebrates, includes how its bones are arranged.
Fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals all have an internal skeleton with a backbone.
This similarity provides evidence that these animal groups evolved from a common ancestor.
homologous structures are similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor.

13. Fig. 3 Evidence of Evolution pg. 382 Homologous Structures
The bones in a bird’s wing, a dolphin’s flipper, and a dog’s leg have similar structures. Which bones in the dog's leg match those in the flipper and which match those in the wing?
Using the drawing of the dog’s leg as a guide,
Color in the matching bones in the bird’s wing and
the dolphin’s flipper with the appropriate colors.

14. Similarities in Early Development pg. 383
Scientists also infer evolutionary relationships by comparing the early development of different organisms. Similarities can further suggest that species are related to a common ancestor.
A look at the organisms show that:
They look similar in early stages
of development.
All the organisms have a tail.
They also have a row of tiny slits
Along their throats.
The similarities suggest that these
Vertebrate species are related and
Share a common ancestor.

15. Similarities in Development pg. 383
These four organisms all look similar during their early development. What are similarities and differences among them?
Circle at least two similarities shared by all four organisms.
____________________________________________
What are some differences between the organisms?
____________________________________________________

16. Assess Your Understanding pg. 383
1a. __________________________structures are structurally similar body parts in related species. b. Bats and birds both have wings. What kinds of evidence might show whether or not bats and birds are closely related? Explain. _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ I get It! Now I know that the theory of evolution is suported by evidence that includes _________________________________________