1. Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide Complete the following word and chemical equation: Fuel (Methane) + __________  ___________ + __________ CH 4 + __________  ___________ + __________ Air Pollution L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works

2. DEMO Look at the Bunsen burner. What happens when you heat a beaker on the yellow flame? Why is this happening? Why does this not happen on the blue flame? ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce?

3. Incomplete combustion Fuel + Oxygen  Carbon Monoxide + Soot + Water Soot causes asthma and buildings to become dirty Carbon Monoxide can be deadly as it stops the blood from carrying oxygen ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce?

4. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? Acid Rain Many fuels like petrol contain sulfur. When burned sulfer makes sulfer dioxide In very hot engines (like in a car) nitrogen in the air combines with oxygen to form nitrous oxides Both of these can react with rain water to form acids (Sulfuric Acid and Nitric Acid) What are the effects of this acid rain?

5. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? A catalytic converter can help to reduce the pollution produced by a car's engine. How does it do this?

6. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? Car engines produce poisonous gases and gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect. These gases are produced in the car's engine and released through its exhaust pipe.

7. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? A catalytic converter helps to reduce pollution. catalytic converter silencers exhaust pipe

8. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? A catalyst speeds up chemical reactions by providing them with a suitable surface. Therefore a catalytic convertor is made up of a honeycomb structure, which allows the exhaust gases to pass over a very large surface area of the catalyst.

9. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? The catalyst contains the metals platinum, rhodium and palladium. These metals are expensive, so only a very thin layer of catalyst is used. Ceramic 'honeycomb' with catalyst on the surface.

10. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? When fuel burns, it produces mainly carbon dioxide and water. These substances pass through the catalytic converter without changing. From the engine Out of the exhaust CO 2 H 2 O CO 2 H 2 O

11. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? Car engines also produce: – carbon monoxide – nitrogen oxides – unburnt fuel Carbon monoxide is poisonous. The other substances can irritate our lungs, bring on asthma attacks and cause smog.

12. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? The catalytic converter helps these substances to react to form less harmful gases. From the engine carbon monoxide nitrogen oxides unburnt hydrocarbons carbon dioxide nitrogen water Out of the exhaust

13. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? The catalytic converter helps these substances to react to form less harmful gases. carbon dioxide nitrogen water Nitrogen and water are harmless. Carbon dioxide contributes to the greenhouse effect but it is not poisonous and does not cause breathing problems or smog. Out of the exhaust

14. ALL Explain the products formed by the complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons MOST Explain how sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are produced in some combustion reactions and cause acid rain SOME Explain how a catalytic converter works Keywords – Fuel, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrous Oxide, Sulfur Dioxide L/O – What pollution does combustion produce? Complete ALL + MOST OR MOST + SOME ALL – Write two word equations for complete and incomplete combustion. Complete Activity 8Ed4 Acid Rain MOST – Complete Activity 8Ed6 Sources of air pollution SOME – Complete Activity 8Ed7 Flue gas desulfurisation HOMEWORK – Menu Item 2 and online activities