1. Impacts of beetle kill on small mammals and breeding birds in Colorado Jake Ivan, CPW Mammals Research Amy Seglund, CPW Species Conservation Coordinator Rick Truex, USFS Region 2 Wildlife Ecologist

17. Goal Assess impacts of beetle infestations on a suite of wildlife species inhabiting the subalpine zone in Colorado. Make inference to both spruce/fir and lodgepole pine systems statewide Metrics: Occupancy (use), Density?

18. Objective 1 Determine the relationship between estimated use of sites and the number of years that have elapsed since beetle infestation.

19. Objective 2 Determine how/if these relationships are altered by covariates (severity, topographic wetness)

20. Avian Sampling: 1 km

21. Mammal Sampling: ?

22. Camera set during avian survey Camera retrieved  8 weeks later ~4 m ~0.5 m Peanut Butter (1 tbsp) Rabbit Lure (1 tsp) Camera

23. Population = 15,113 cells 8,078 Lodgepole/mix cells 8,078 Lodgepole/mix cells 7,035 Spruce/fir cells 7,035 Spruce/fir cells Public Land Public Land  75% above 8500’  75% above 8500’  75% forested (subalpine)  75% forested (subalpine)

24. Sample 150 Lodgepole/mix cells 150 Lodgepole/mix cells 150 Spruce/fir cells 150 Spruce/fir cells

25. 2013 75 (60) Lodgepole/mix cells 75 (60) Lodgepole/mix cells 75 (60) Spruce/fir cells 75 (60) Spruce/fir cellsExclusions: Difficulty (4) Difficulty (4) Private Land (7) Private Land (7) Fire (4) Fire (4) Wilderness (30) Wilderness (30)

26. Avg. Days Sampled = 75 (57-143)Avg. Days Sampled = 75 (57-143) 15 species15 species 187,556 photos (~140,000 ID’d)187,556 photos (~140,000 ID’d) Preliminary Results 2013 (Mammals) Lodgepole/MixSpruce/Fir Mean #photos/camera 1,0701,431

27. N = 1,249

28. N = 11,127

29. N = 10,548

30. Detection Probability (p)Detection Probability (p)  Constant Plot-level Occupancy (  )Plot-level Occupancy (  )  Constant, Strata, Beetle Kill, Strata + Beetle Kill, Strata x Beetle Kill Point-level Occupancy (  )Point-level Occupancy (  )  Constant, Strata, Beetle Kill, Strata + Beetle Kill, Strata x Beetle Kill Preliminary Analysis 2013 (Avian) Multi-scale Occupancy – Pavlacky et al. 2012

31. Preliminary Results (  ) SpeciesStrata Beetle Kill Strata x Beetle Kill Other Spp Townsend's Solitaire – Broad-tailed Hummingbird – Clark's Nutcracker + Red-breasted Nuthatch + Western Tanager + Warbling Vireo + Ruby-crowned Kinglet Dark-eyed Junco

32. Preliminary Results (  ) SpeciesStrata Beetle Kill Strata x Beetle Kill Other Spp Townsend's Solitaire –– Broad-tailed Hummingbird – Clark's Nutcracker +– Red-breasted Nuthatch ++ Western Tanager ++ Warbling Vireo + Ruby-crowned Kinglet + Dark-eyed Junco

33. Preliminary Results (  ) SpeciesStrata Beetle Kill Strata x Beetle Kill Other Spp Townsend's Solitaire –– Broad-tailed Hummingbird – Clark's Nutcracker +– Red-breasted Nuthatch ++– Western Tanager ++ Warbling Vireo + Ruby-crowned Kinglet + Dark-eyed Junco

34. Preliminary Results (  ) SpeciesStrata Beetle Kill Strata x Beetle Kill Other Spp Townsend's Solitaire –– (1) Broad-tailed Hummingbird – (3) Clark's Nutcracker +– (1) Red-breasted Nuthatch ++– (5) Western Tanager ++ (2) Warbling Vireo + (3) Ruby-crowned Kinglet + (3) Dark-eyed Junco (17)

35. Preliminary Analysis (  ) SpeciesStrata Beetle Kill Strata x Beetle Kill Other Spp Warbling Vireo ––+(2) Broad-tailed Hummingbird ––(2) Western Wood-Pewee –+–(1) Ruby-crowned Kinglet +–+(1) Cassin's Finch +–(2) Pine Siskin ++–(4) Hermit Thrush ++(3) Brown Creeper +(6) White-crowned Sparrow – (1) Townsend's Solitaire + (2) Olive-sided Flycatcher (11)

36. Questions?