1. Workshop on Emergencies and Crises GIZA, EGYPT, 17 – 18 January 2011 The principles of the EU animal disease control measures and the most important implementation tools Jorgen M. Westergaard

2. OVERVIEW OF PRESENTATION 1. The EU structure, organisation & legal procedures 2. Principles of control measures and implementation tools 3. Information on infectious diseases in EU 4. Trade aspects 5. The EU Animal Health Strategy

3. WHAT IS THE EU? Not a State replacing existing States Not an international organization The EU is UNIQUE Member States: - have Common Institutions - make decisions on matters of joint interest - have obligatory cooperation on political, economical and legal matters

4. The European Union 27 Member States 5 Candidate Countries more than 4 million km² 493 million citizens 22 official languages

5. WHAT IS THE EUROPEAN UNION? A STRANGE ANIMAL The EU respects - Inter-national treaties/rules - Community legislation - National rules - The Principles of subsidiarity

6. Populations in the EU Veterinarians 225.660 Animals at farms Numbers in 000.000 Cattle 84.5 Sheep 87.0 Pigs 151.4 Egg laying hens 438.0

7. EU – KEY DATES 1957 Treaty of Rome - No vets. ( Artc. 30, 36, 43 and 100) 1968 Common Veterinary Policy and creation of: the Standing Veterinary Committee 1960 – 1970 Trade rules for livestock an animal products 1993 The Single market

8. The single market The Single European Market stands for ‘free movement’ of people, goods, services and capital. On a practical level, it means the possibility for EU citizens to live, work, study and do business throughout the EU Once allowed into the EU, livestock and animal products and food commodities in particular, can be sold in any Member State

9. EU - KEY DATES 1995 European Medicines Agency (EMEA) 1997 Amsterdam Treaty - Legal basis for animal welfare and food safety measures 1998 Food and Veterinary Office (FVO) 2000 White Paper on Food Safety

10. EU - KEY DATES 2002 Standing Committe on Food Chain and Animal Health (SCFCAH) 2002 European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) 2005 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2007 New Animal Health Strategy

11. Challenges for the European Union Vast increase in volume of trade in live animals and animal products in single market Enlargements of the European Union (6 to 27 Member States) Large-scale epidemics (FMD, CSF and AI ) and their media impact Emerging diseases – wildlife,vectorborne( Bluetongue) Diseases that may arrive (RVF, WNF), global warming

12. European Parliament Council of the EU European Commission Economic & Social Committee Committee of the Regions European Court of Justice European Court of Auditors Advisory Committees Institutional Triangle: Decision Makers Interpretation of law Financial control

13. CONTROL MEASURES Definitions Disease suspicion Disease confirmation Stamping-out Movement restrictions Cleansing and disifection Re-population of farms Vaccination

14. LEGISLATION & VETERINARY SCIENCE The informal Scientific Committee 1981 Scientific Veterinary Committee 1997 Scientific Veterinary Commitee 2002 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) DG Research

15. Zoning - Area restrictions Surveillance Zone y km x km Protection Zone Control by measures defined in the basic legislation Census-identification of holdings Veterinary inspections Clinical and laboratory investigations Biosecurity Movement controls

16. OUTBREAKS Total 135 NEWCASTLE DISEASE 2002, DENMARK

17. Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health (SCFCAH) A Regulatory Committee: all Member States are represented and have the right to vote It is chaired by a Commission official TRUST BUILDING

18. Surveillance Zone y km x km Protection Zone Additional measures Continuous review of the disease situation at the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health and further appropriate measures adopted as necessary. Buffer zone Area B

19. REGIONALISATION Foot and Mouth Disease,Denmark,1982 Movement restrictions on Island of Funen

20. The Arab Republic of Egypt

21. IMPLEMENTATION TOOLS Identification and registration of animals Surveillance programmes Animal disease Notification System (ADNS) Registration of movements of animals and products of animal origin (TRACES) Contingency plans Financial support

22. IDENTIFICATION and REGISTRATION of ANIMALS I&R system for sheep and goats comprises the following elements: individual identification registers kept on each holding movement document electronic database

23. Visible eartag Identification Maija Rubīna Food and Veterinary Service Republic of Latvia

24. Electronic eartag Identification Maija Rubīna Food and Veterinary Service Republic of Latvia

25. Identification Ruminal bolus Maija Rubīna Food and Veterinary Service Republic of Latvia

26. ANIMAL DISEASE NOTIFICATION Computerised Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) Member States (MS) shall notify primary outbreak to the European Commission and other MS within 24 hours Mapping of outbreaks by coordinates in Geographical Information System (GIS) http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/ad ns/index_en.htm

27. 27

28. Surveillance - Risk areas (AI) in Denmark 25 Oct -1 Dec 2005

32. TRACES -Trade Control and Expert System Database connecting all Veterinary Administrations in the EU: - Provide information given in certificates accompanying animals and products - Information on movements of commodity - Enhance traceability - Consolidate statistical animal health data - Assist Member States in decision making

33. TRACES ANIMALS DATA YEAR 2009 CATTLECERTIFICATE Number 132 968 4 490 840 SHEEP & GOATS CERTIFICATE Number 15 176 4 456 259 SWINECERTIFICATE Number 131 690 29 390 180 TOTAL LIVE ANIMALS CERTIFICATE Number 279 834 38 337 279

34. FINANCIAL ASPECTS Council Decision 90/424/EEC on expenditure in the veterinary field - Emergency measures - Contribution to national disease control schemes - Technical and scientific measures - Measures for the protection of animals

35. Disease outbreaks and Conditions for payments Eradication measures have been fully and efficiently implemented in complience with EU legislation Claims submitted in accordance with guidelines Cooperation in connection with on-the-spot- ckecks by the Commission The Member State ensures swift and adequate compensation

36. Compensation – AI outbreaks Community financial contribution is 50% of costs incurred by the Member State for: - compensation of owners for the killing of poultry or captive birds - destruction of birds, poultry products, cleaning and disinfection, destruction of contaminated feedingstuffs and equipment Emergency vaccination: 100% of the cost of vaccine and 50% of vaccination costs

37. Eligible costs Culled birds: market value, type of production,stage of life cycle Culling of birds: salaries and fees of culling- men; consumables and specific equipment,transport costs Cleaning and disinfection: salaries and fees for personnell employed, products for cleaning and disinfection

38. Swift compensation Swift: payment within 90 days after culling of birds Reduce payments to Member States: ReductionPayment at days 25% 91-105 50% 106 – 120 75% 121 – 135 100%Beyond 136 days

39. FMD POLICY Report from the Commission to the Council on policies applied by Member States on FMD, SEC(89), 1731 Final Non-vaccination less costly than a pan- vaccination policy.

40. Foot and Mouth Disease No outbreaks in the EU from 2008 - 2010 In 2001 a large number of outbreaks in the UK

41. EU VACCINE BANK, 2001 CONCENTRATED PURIFIED ANTIGENS TYPEMIL.DSITE A (5)13.9FR;IT; UK ASIA1 5.0IT;UK C 5.0IT;UK O (2) 10.0FR;IT UK SAT1, 2&3 2.0FR; UK

42. Rabies – Oral vaccination 1 1989 oral vaccination starts Rabies reduced

43. Rabies – Oral vaccination

44. TRADE -Rinderpest 1920 and OIE 1924 Cattle from India to Brazil via Antwerp

45. TRADE ASPECTS Trade between EU Member States Import into the EU Assessment of exporting country - Animal health status - Regularity and rapidity of supplying information to OIE - Animal health legislation - Structure & powers of veterinary services - Implementation of control measures - Policy on import of animals & products

46. RISK ANALYSIS Risk management Policy based Risk assessment Science based Risk communication Interactive exchange of information and opinions concerning risks EFSA

47. RISK ANALYSIS COMMISSION COUNCIL PARLIAMENT Risk management Policy based Risk assessment Science based Risk communication Interactive exchange of information and opinions concerning risks

48. PUBLICATION 2008

49. CONCLUSION EU Control Measures Good interaction between: Science-Legislation- Management Trust building: Great efforts for having openes and transparency Increase of disease preventive measures PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE!