1. Dr. Owen Clarkin School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Summary of Material Science Chapter 1: Science of Materials Chapter 2: Properties of Materials Chapter 3: Material Testing Chapter 4: Alloys of Materials Chapter 5: Plain Carbon Steels Chapter 6: Heat Treatment Chapter 7: Cast Iron Chapter 8: Plastics/Polymers Chapter 9: Composite Materials Chapter 10: Ceramics Chapter 11: Semiconductors & Diodes Chapter 12: Biomaterials Chapter 13: Electrochemistry

2. Dr. Owen Clarkin School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering CAST IRON Cast Iron is not one single metal. It is the name given to a “family” of irons, which are extremely suitable for casting into moulds. Cast iron contains between 2 and 4% carbon, which is much more than that present in steel. The carbon can be present as: Graphite Cementite (Fe 3 C) Types of Cast Iron Cast irons can be divided into four groups: 1.Grey cast irons 2.Malleable cast irons 3.Spheroidal graphite or nodular iron 4.Special purpose iron

3. Dr. Owen Clarkin School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering GREY CAST IRON This is an alloy of iron, carbon and silicon with other elements to modify properties. Grey cast iron is called because it is grey in colour if it is broken. Graphite causes the grey colour. Advantages of grey cast irons, it can be cast into intricate shapes, good resistances to sliding wear, machinability is very good and it can be surfaced hardened.

4. MALLEABLE CAST IRON If iron is cooled quickly, no graphite is formed and the iron is white when broken. Cementite (FeC 3 ) causes the white colour. Malleable cast irons are made from white irons by a special heat treatment process. 3 grades of malleable cast irons: 1.Whiteheart, high carbon content, hard & brittle. Tensile strength = 400 Mpa 2.Blackheart, contains graphite, softer, machinable. Tensile Strength = 300-330 Mpa 3.Pearlitic, similar to white iron (2-3% carbon) but have a tensile strength of 700 MPa.

5. Spherodial Graphite (S.G.) or Nodular CAST IRON The properties of S.G. irons are a little better than malleable iron. Due to high ductility of S.G. iron it is often called ductile iron. High ductility and high tensile strength have meant that S.G. irons are now being used in applications, which had been reserved for steel forgings. Tensile strength of S.G. iron up to 800 MPa.

6. Dr. Joseph Stokes School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering CAST IRON Special Purpose Irons These have special properties such as corrosion resistance. An example of special cast irons is the "Ni Resist' group of irons. These offer outstanding resistance to corrosion, erosion, and high temperature. USE/APPLICATIONS: