2. ALL ABOUT VERBS

3. Why do we need verbs? If you do not have a verb, you cannot have a sentence. Even the shortest sentences contain verbs: Go. Look. Try. The verb is the key word in a sentence, so you should use them correctly.

4. The verb is one of the main parts of every sentence. Compare these groups of words. Look at the difference a verb makes. Without verbs: The football team well Lee over the shovel Dan angry With verbs: The football team played well. Lee tripped over the shovel. Dan seems angry.

5. What is a Verb? A verb expresses an action, a condition, or a state of being. The main types of verbs are action verbs, state-of-being verbs, linking verbs, and helping verbs.

6. Action Verbs Express actions. The actions may be: physical (something you can see or touch) mental (things you can’t see). Examples: – The band marches onto the field. (physical) – The audience expects a great performance. (mental)

7. More examples: She danced. Ramon laughed. Donna wanted a job. We enjoyed the show. I have a cold. We ate.

8. State-of-being Verbs: A verb that tells that something is (that it exists). Examples: Cheryl is here. The stars grew brighter. Jack seems happy. The music sounded lively.

9. State-of-being Verbs IsAmAre WasWereBeen Being

10. More State-of-being Verbs LookSmellFeel SoundTasteBecome GrowAppearSeem

11. Look for these clues when you look for the verb in a sentence: Look for a word that shows action (ran, walked). Look for a word that shows action you cannot see (want, have). Look for a word that shows a state of being (am, is, are, was, were, seem, look, feel, grow, taste, sound, become, appear).

12. Remember… Remember that the parts of a verb may be separated. Will he cook? Or that the sentence may be in an unusual order. Down the aisle came the bride.

13. Identify the verbs in these sentences: The orchestra played country music. Emily is a very good artist. Last Sunday we hiked in the woods. Our class decorated the hall for the dance. Macy hit the ball over the fence. Keith was very quiet. Mike’s cat climbed the maple tree.

14. Helping and Main Verbs A verb often consists of more than one word. A two-word verb consists of one helping verb and the main verb. The first word is the helping verb and the last word is the main verb. Helping verbs include is, do, has, will, should, may, would, could, might, must, and can. Examples: will gomay gocould go must goshould gomight go

15. Three-word Verbs Consist of a main verb and two helping verbs. The first two words are the helping verbs and the last word is the main verb. Have is often the middle verb. Examples: will have gone would have played must have taken

16. DO NOT… Use the word of in place of the word have. Of is NOT a helping verb. Wrong: I could of gone. Right: I could have gone.

17. Helping Verbs IsDoCan BeHaveMight MustShallWill WouldShouldMay

18. Separated Parts of Verbs The words that make up a verb are not always right next to each other, like could have done and might have seen. Sometimes the helping verbs and the main verbs are separated by words that are not verbs. Not and the ending n’t are not verbs. can hardly waitdidn’t understand could not have come

19. Examples: I should be ready by then. Henry would not have forgotten my party. Jeremy could have told you that. The driver may have put that package there. Shall I bring my art supplies? We will never forget his kindness.

20. Next Example… We should save a seat for Jeff. What is the verb? (the action word) save What is the helping verb? should Therefore the verb phrase is what? should save

21. Write HV for Helping Verb and MV for Main Verb. We must not delay any longer. We cannot go without him. Do you have the letter with you? Our neighbors are always helping us. The secretary would have taken the message. Didn’t you hear the explosion? The parade must be on Central Street.

22. Verbs and Direct Objects In many sentences, a verb and its subject are enough to state a complete thought. SUBJECTVERB Snowfell. Everyonelaughed.

23. In Other Sentences… The thought is not complete unless more words are added. Roger cut __________. Linda met _________. You wonder what Roger cut and whom Linda met. You could complete the sentences as follows: Roger cut the rope. Linda met Alice.

24. Roger cut the rope. In the first sentence, the rope receives the action of the verb cut. Rope is the direct object of the verb cut. Linda met Alice. In the second sentence, Alice receives the action of the verb met. Alice is the direct object of the verb met.

25. The Direct Object… Tells who or what receives the action of the verb. To find the direct object in a sentence, first find the verb. Then ask who or what after the verb. The engineers studied the plans. Verb: studied Studied what? The plans Direct Object: plans

26. Direct Objects ONLY… Answer what or whom after the verb. They do NOT tell when, where, or how. You will see that there are No Direct Objects in the following sentences: Kelly studies in the afternoon. They drove around the block. Andrew whistled sharply.

27. Find the Direct Objects Underline the verb twice and circle the direct object. A huge puddle hid the path. The players rushed the goalie. Suddenly a breeze

28. Transitive Verbs Is a verb that has a direct object. Danny plays the trumpet like a professional. Plays is the transitive verb, trumpet is the direct object Some birds sing beautiful songs. Sing is the transitive verb, the direct object is songs.

29. Intransitive Verbs Do not have direct objects. Example: He travels around the country with the other musicians. Travels is the intransitive verb, because there is NO OBJECT. Some birds sing beautifully. Sing is intransitive, it is used without an object.

30. IF… There is a word in the sentence that answers the question whom? or what? After a verb that shows action, that word is a direct object, and the verb is transitive. Did you notice that sing was used on the last 2 slides as both a transitive and intransitive verb? It just depends on whether there is a direct object or not.

31. Some verbs are ALWAYS Transitive These verbs ALWAYS have a direct object. Example: Bring He may bring his Playstation 3. He may bring a friend. He brought his paper.

32. Some verbs are always Intransitive These verbs never have a direct object. Example: Arrive We will arrive on time. She arrived in fashion.

33. Most Verbs… Can be used with or without direct objects. They can be transitive in one sentence and intransitive in another. TransitiveIntransitive Mary practices her dives. Mary practices daily. Larry ate lunch.Larry ate already. Kim reached first base.Kim reached for the ball.

34. Let’s try this out Al built a bookcase. What is the verb? Built What or whom was built? A bookcase – direct object So built is a ________________ verb. Transitive

35. Let’s find the verbs… Every November, bands from across the country visit New York City for the big Thanksgiving Day Parade. What is the verb? Visit. What kind of verb is it? An action verb Is it transitive or intransitive? Transitive What is the direct object? New York City

36. Your turn Underline the verb in each sentence. Write a T if the verb is transitive, and an I if the verb is intransitive. Put (parenthesis) around the direct object if it has one. The zookeeper fed the seals. Craig admired his grandmother. Jennifer and I ordered a pizza. Melanie wrinkled her nose.

37. Linking Verbs Verbs that show a state of being are often called Linking Verbs. They link the subject of a sentence to a word in the predicate. The word in the predicate tells something about the subject.

38. Example of Linking Verbs Cindy is a member. The soup tastes good. In this example, member tells about Cindy and good tells about soup. The words is, am, are, was, were, be, and become are often used as linking verbs.

39. Chart of Possible Linking Verbs IsAmAre WasWereBe BecomeSeemLook AppearFeelGrow SmellTasteSound

40. More about linking verbs The same verb may be used to show action in one sentence and state of being (to be) in another. Notice the following examples: We smelled smoke. – Action The soap smelled sweet. – State of being (to be)

41. Examples of Verbs Showing Action The students seemed bored during the long trip. He appeared to be understanding the new English terms. It looked as if it was going to be a gloomy day.

42. Examples of State of being or to be The instruments are safe in the bus. All sounds are simply vibrations. He was the inventor of many communication devices.

43. Quick Quiz The team is loading the bus as we speak. What is the verb? loading Is there a linking verb? Yes, is. Combined, is loading is the what? Verb phrase

44. Predicate Words Predicate Words Follow linking verbs and tell something about the subject. Anne is a good swimmer. Larry was my classmate.

45. Predicate Nouns & Adjectives Predicate Nouns Follow Linking Verbs Anne is a good swimmer. Predicate Adjectives Follow Linking Verbs The plant seems healthy.

46. DO NOT… Confuse linking verbs and predicate words with transitive verbs and direct objects. Remember: A direct object answers the question whom or what after a transitive verb. Connie painted a picture. What did she paint? A picture – direct object

47. DO NOT continued… A predicate word tells something about the subject of a linking verb. Example: Connie is lucky. We are being told about Connie, that he is lucky.

48. Directions for Finding the Linking Verbs Underline the subject. Circle the linking verb. And double underline the predicate word.

49. Finding the Linking Verbs The new store was open for business. Margo is a volunteer. Thursday was Diane’s birthday. Do you ever feel lonesome? Sam was by far our best pitcher.