2. Cross - combining gametes from parents with different traits Fertilization - the uniting of male and female gametes Video clip

3. Each organism has two alleles for each trait Alleles - different forms of the same gene Genes - located on chromosomes, they control how an organism develops Gene

4. (CAPITAL letter) The trait that is observed in the offspring is the dominant trait (CAPITAL letter) (lowercase letter) The trait that is hidden in the offspring is the recessive trait (lowercase letter) T = dominant allele for tallTT = talltt = short t= recessive allele for tall (short)Tt = tall

5. The two alleles for a trait must separate when gametes are formed A parent randomly passes only one allele for each trait to each offspring

6. The genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other. G= Green Pod; g= Yellow pod Y= Yellow Pea; y= Green pea Note: There are 4 DIFFERENT combinations of alleles that this parent can pass on!