1. Microfluidic components 2016

2. Contents Pumping Valving Dosing/dispensing Centrifugal fluidics
PCR CE
Optofluidics
flow control
applications

3. Pumps bubble pumps membrane pumps
diffuser pumps
rotary pumps
electrohydrodynamic
electro-osmotic
ultrasonic pumps
vacuum pumps
Only some of these scale beneficially into microscale !!

4. Membrane pumps: actuation

5. Pumps without moving parts
Surface tension driven pump
Electro-osmotic pump
Nozzle-diffuser pump,
Olsson, Stemme 1997

6. Osmotic pump

7. Passive Active valves mechanical pneumatic geometric thermopneumatic
hydrophobic phase-change
electrostatic
piezoelectri
thermal expansion

8. Membrane valve, pneumatic actuation
PDMS as flexible membrane
Air in actuation channel,
Liquid in fluidic channel.
Air pressure deflects thin membrane against the wall of fludic channel.
Why is it important that the fluidic channel is hemispherical ?

9. PDMS valve actuation

10. How would this work ?

11. Cell stretch chip
Zhang & Jiang, Lab Chip 2012 p 3441

12. PDMS flap valve (1) 3-layer PDMS structure
Thin central layer bends and opens and closes the valve.

13. PDMS flap valve (2)
PMMA/PDMS valves and pumps for disposable microfluidics
DOI:  /B907254C

14. Peristaltic pump = 3 valves in series

15. Geometric valves Pillar “forest” controls the rate of capillary flow.
Rapid constriction of the flow channel will stop the flow.
Side channel offers timing of flow.
Transducers 2005, p. 1565

20. Dosing/dispensing: ink jet
MEMS Handbook

21. Electrospray nozzles

22. Electrospray nozzles

23. Microfluidic probe
Juncker Delamarche Nature Materials 2005

24. In-channel dispensers
Nguyen p.

25. PCR  DNA copy machine

26. Thermal cycling
Gold nanorod-facilitated localized heating of droplets in microfluidic chips
Zhiyong Li, Pan Wang, Limin Tong, and Lei Zhang: Optics Express 2013

27. µPCR = rapid thermal ramping

28. Exponential amplification

29. Microfluidic PCR
Silicon version:

30. Microfluidic PCR (2)
SU-8 version:

31. Continuous flow PCR 3 contact temperature blocks
Flow rate has been fixed so that the sample remains the right time in each temperature zone.

32. Electrophoresis chip with electrochemical detection

33. CE chip fabrication: channels in silicon (2)

34. CE chip fabrication: electrodes on polycarbonate (3)
Lift-off

35. CE chip fabrication: electrodes on polycarbonate (4)
Lift-off

36. Bond Si and PC to complete fabrication
Polycarbonate Si

37. Optofluidics in PDMS
One photomask !!

38. Optoelectrofluidics in silicon
13 photomasks required !!