1. Soil Texture Testing Highland High School Property Ms. Norris Highland High School Earth Science 2015

2. I wonder…… Make three I wonder statements in your lab notebook about soil. – This can be at school, home, horsetooth (ha ha)!

3. There are three soil components – Sand, Silt, and Clay Sand makes up the largest particles in soil. – Rounded particles, rather than flat. – Allows for larger space between the particles and water drains quickly. – Nutrients drain faster than clay soil and your plants will need more water and fertilizing. Silt represents the middle size particles. – Made up of rock and mineral particles that are larger than clay but smaller than sand. – Individual silt particles are so small that they are difficult to see. To be classified as silt, a particle must be less than.005 centimeters (.002 inches) across. Clay is the smallest mineral component. – Tiny flat particles fit closely together to have the greatest surface area of all soil types. – Clay soil contains needed nutrients and also stores water well. So well in fact, that drainage is slow in clay soil. It is the slowest to warm in the spring.

4. Soil Texture Triangle http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/survey/?cid=nrcs142p2_054167

6. Texture by Feel Method https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JEqCPPQ6FvA

7. Soil Texture by Feel Use the flow chart to help you in this process. Be sure to measure the length of ribbon you can create. Document in your notebook Texture by Feel – Ribbon Length

8. What is the Percent Sand, Silt, and Clay in the soil at Highland High School

9. The Mason Jar Soil Test Use a clear, clean, empty jar with a tight lid. A pint or quart Mason jar works fabulously. Fill the jar about half full of soil. You can use soil from different areas of the site to get an overall view. Fill the jar nearly to the top with water. Leave room for shaking. Tighten the lid and shake the jar for several minutes so that all the particles are in suspension. Set your mason jar soil test aside for several hours, so the particles have a chance to settle. They will separate into clay, silt, and sand layers.

10. Read the Results of your Mason Jar Soil Test The bottom layer will be the heavier particles, sand and rocks. The next layer will be the silt particles. Above that are the clay particles. Organic matter may be floating on the surface of the water. The color of the soil gives a clue to its character – light colors usually have less organic content than dark soils and dark soil warms faster in the spring.

11. Dirt TV https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5S88OKr EQU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5S88OKr EQU