2. INTRODUCTION

3. “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2007” Greenhouse emissions in 1997 Carbon dioxide emissions World Health Organization Threat to Human Kind Kyoto Protocol

5. Purpose

6. working  Joint Implementation (JI)  Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)  International Emissions Trading (IET)

8. Types Carbon Offset Credit (COC’s)Carbon Reduction Credit (CRC’s)

10. CARBON REDUCTION CREDITS (CRC’s)

11. Advantages  Companies in different industries  Reducing emissions  Buying into the carbon market  Fast-growing voluntary model is carbon offsets

12. disadvantages Risk and volatility. Selling offsets Marketing problematic

13. buying carbon credit

15. advantages  Expensive, and time-consuming  Reduced risk  Reduced incentives  New or growing companies  Clear

16. carbon credit V/S carbon tax Carbon CreditCarbon Tax The price is more likely to be perceived as fair by those paying it Investors in credits have more control over their own costs. The flexible mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol ensure that all investment goes into genuine sustainable carbon reduction schemes Through its internationally-agreed validation process. If correctly implemented a target level of emission reductions is achieved with certainty While under a tax the actual emissions would vary over time It provides a framework for rewarding people or companies who plant trees Sequester carbon