1. PROJECT PRESENTATION ON ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM SPEED BREAKER

2. Generation of electricity by speed breaker
Submitted to: presented by:- dr. h c sharma ashutosh kr ( ) ANKIT SINGH ( ) guided by: md. RASHID ( ) sunil kr. SINGH AHMAD FAWAD ( )

3. Introduction
A large amount of energy is wasted at the speed breakers through the dissipation of heat and also through friction.
When vehicle passes over speed breaker. There is great possibility of tapping this energy and generating power.
We can do it by making the speed-breaker as a power generation unit.
The generated power can be used for the power the street lamps, near the speed breakers

4. ENERGY WASTED ON SPEED BREAKER
Let us consider, The mass of a vehicle moving over the speed breaker. =250Kg(approx.) Height of speed breaker =10 cm Work done =Force x Distance Here, Force=Weight of the Body =250 Kg x 9.81=2452.5N Distance travelled by the body = Height of the speed breaker=10 cm Wasted power=Work done/Sec = ( x 0.10)/60= Watts (in one pushing force).

5. UTILISATION OF THIS WASTED ENERGY
Wasted power=Work done/Sec= ( x 0.10)/60 = Watts (For One pushing force) Power developed for 1 vehicle passing over the speed breaker arrangement for one minute= watts Power developed for 60 minutes (1 hr)=245.25watts. Power developed for 24 hours = Kw This power is sufficient to burn four street lights in the roads in the night time & also for nearby shops.

6. BASIC PRINCIPLE-
The project is concerned with generation of electricity from speed breakers-like set up. The load acted upon the speed breaker - setup is there by transmitted to rack and pinion arrangements .
Here the reciprocating motion of the speed-breaker is converted into rotary motion using the rack and pinion arrangement.
The axis of the pinion is coupled with the sprocket arrangement. The sprocket arrangement is made of two sprockets. One of larger size and the other of smaller size. Both the sprockets are connected by means of a chain which serves in transmitting power from the larger sprocket to the smaller sprocket.
As the power is transmitted from the larger sprocket to the smaller sprocket, the speed that is available at the larger sprocket is relatively multiplied at the rotation of the smaller sprocket.

7. General Mechanism

8. Rack and pinion Mechanism

9. Internal Mechanism Shaft Large gear Small gear Fly wheel Ball bearing
Rack&
Pinion
chain

10. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS
RACK
SPROCKET
FLYWHEEL
BEARINGS
SHAFT
SPRINGS
DC GENERATOR

11. Rack-pinion assembly mounting convenience max
Rack-pinion assembly mounting convenience max. gear losses 3 to 5% efficiency-95%

12. Block Diagram

13. Permanent Magnet Dc Generator

14. SPECIFICATIONS OF DC GENERATOR
Permanent Magnet DC Generator
     Current Rating for the #
            3 A - Continuous Duty
            3.3 A - 60 minutes
            4 A - 30 minutes
           10 A - 5 minutes
Magnets: Two high-energy saturated C8 ceramic magnets.
Shaft: Steel 12.7mm (1/2") diameter, 40mm length, with 1mm full-length flat.
Armature: 16-slot armature 52mm diameter wound with AWG25 magnet wire
Bearings: Two double-sealed 32mm OD ball bearings.
Rotation: Either direction - The red output wire is positive for clockwise rotation from the shaft end.
Speed: Zero to 5,000 rpm - generates at all speeds- depends on load. 
Weight: 4.2Kg (9.2lb) Shipping weight 4.6Kg (10lb), dimensions 150x150x300mm (6x6x12in).
Resistance: Internal resistance 7.7 ohms. Inductance 16mH.
Maximum charging current is 10A If you exceed these specifications the generator will overheat

15. Specification of battery
Performance Characteristics
Nominal Voltage 12V
Number of cell 6
Design Life Up to 5 years
20 hour rate (0.225A, 10.5V) 4.5Ah
10 hour rate (0.44A, 10.5V) 4.4Ah
5 hour rate (0.72A, 10.5V) 3.6Ah
1 hour rate (3.04A, 9.6V) 3.04Ah
Internal Resistance
Fully Charged battery 77oF(25oC) 35mOhms
Self-Discharge
3% of capacity declined per month at 20oC(average)
Operating Temperature Range
Max. Discharge Current 77oF(25oC) 67.5A(5s)
Short Circuit Current 225A
Charge Methods: Constant Voltage Charge 77oF(25oC) CP V, 4.5Ah(20hr)
Cycle use V
Maximum charging current 1.8A
Temperature compensation -30mV/oC
Standby use V
Temperature compensation -20mV/oC

16. Estimated Expenses
One 12v 4.5ah battery cost will be around 600rs/battery.
Cost of dc generator of above specified rating is about rs.
Other electrical equipment will cost about 7-800rs.
Other mechanical parts and construction will take about rs.

17. Rough estimation of profit
The total installation cost of the hump is 7000 rupees.
Total cost = 7000 rupees
Say with improvements in design it can glow 5 streetlights of 40-watt capacity,
which will consume 2.7 K.W.H. per day.
For t years electricity bill will be *t
T=2years
i.e. the consumer will be repaid his investment with in 2 years period. From this
onwards, there will be no investment and free of cost. The life of POWER HUMP is estimated to be 7 years. So the customer will get free power generation for 5 years period.
This power comes from the energy which is wasted on roads.

18. SCOPE,MERITS AND USES Low Budget electricity production
Less floor area
No obstruction to traffic
Easy maintenance
Suitable at parking of multiplexes, malls, toll booths, signals, etc.
Uses: Charging batteries and using them to light up the streets, etc.

19. Future Scope:
Such speed breakers can be designed for heavy vehicles, thus increasing input torque and ultimately output of generator.
More suitable and compact mechanisms to enhance efficiency.
Ultimately we can make the earth clean.

20. REFERENCES
[1] Mukherjee.D Chakrabarti.S, 2005, Fundamentals of renewable
energy systems, New Age international limited publishers, New Delhi.
[2] Sharma .P.C, 2003, Non-conventional power plants, Public printing
service, New Delhi.
[3] Fundamentals of renewable energy systems, New Age international
[4]WIKIPEDIA.
[5] Non-conventional power engineering, Public printing service, New Delhi.
[6] ‘Power System Control and Stability.’ P.M. Anderson.
[7] Power System Stabilizers’ by Mitsubishi Corporation-A release notes from Mitsubishi Co

21. THANK YOU