2. 2009-2010 Cellular Respiration Harvesting ATP

3. Harvesting energy stored in food Cellular respiration –B–B In Using – “aerobic” respiration – usually digesting glucose but could be other sugars, fats, or proteins C 6 H 12 O 6 6 ATP 6 6H 2 O  + ++ glucose + o  energy + carbon + water dioxide O2O2 food ATP

4. What do we need to make energy? The “Furnace” for making energy –m–m Fuel – food: carbohydrates, fats, proteins Helpers –o–o –e–e Product –A–A Waste products –C–C then used by plants –w–w O2O2 food ATP Make ATP! Make ATP! All I do all day… And no one even notices! enzymes CO 2 H2OH2O

5. Mitochondria are everywhere!! An Pl

6. Can’t  Too  only used in cell that produces it  only short term e  carbohydrates & fats are long term e Using ATP to do work? A working muscle recycles over 10 million ATPs per second ATP ADP work Whoa! Pass me the glucose & oxygen! Adenosine DiPhosphate Adenosine TriPhosphate

7. make energy A Body’s Energy Budget eat food synthesis (building) energy needed even at rest a temperature control { g reproduction r { storage g (animal starch) f { ATP 1 2 3

8. Cellular Respiration The first stage, glycolysis, is a. The last two stages are aerobic a SUMMARY EQUATION:

9. STAGES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION Respiration o GLYCOLYSISKREBS CYCLE ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN High-energy electrons carried by NADH Mitochondrion Cytoplasmic fluid

10. Glycolysis [Glyco=sweet, sugar lysis = to split] s: a series of chemical reactions in the cytoplasm of a cell that break down glucose, a six-carbon compound, into two molecules of p three-carbon compound produces only t 2 molecules of NADH are formed Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid 2ATP2ADP4ADP + 4P 4ATP 2NAD+ 2NADH + 2H+

11. What if oxygen is missing? No oxygen available = can’t complete aerobic respiration A – also known as f A L – no oxygen or no mitochondria (bacteria) – can only make very little ATP –L–L O2O2 yeast bacteria

12. Anaerobic Respiration Fermentation – alcohol fermentation y – glucose  ATP + CO 2 + alcohol – make beer, wine, bread –L–L bacteria, animals – glucose  ATP + lactic acid – bacteria make yogurt –A–A O2O2 Tastes good… but not enough energy for me!

13. Alcoholic fermentation U glucose -> pyruvic acid-> 2 ethyl alcohol + 2 CO2 2ATP 2ATP GLYCOLYSIS F GLYCOLYSIS F

14. Lactic acid fermentation Glucose->pyruvic acid -> 2 lactic acid 2ATP GLYCOLYSIS FERMENTATION U ~ in not enough oxygen from blood “oxygen debt” ~ l Will be converted back to pyruvic acid in liver

15. Got the energy… Ask Questions!!