2. AP Biology Start Here 2005-2006

3. AP Biology 2005-2006 First seed plants  Gymnosperm: conifers  vascular  heterospory  male vs. female gametophytes  seeds  naked seeds (no fruit)  pollen  contain male gametophyte  life cycle dominated by sporophyte stage  coniferous trees you are familiar with are diploid  reduced (microscopic) gametophyte  reduction of gametophyte protects delicate egg & embryo in protective sporophyte  protected from drought & UV radiation

4. AP Biology 2005-2006 Gymnosperm: conifers

5. AP Biology 2005-2006 Early Gymnosperm: ginkgo

6. AP Biology 2005-2006  Conifers  vascular  pollen (sperm)  dominant sporophyte  dependent reduced gametophyte  cones, seeds for reproduction Gymnosperm diploid multicellular sporophyte 2n haploid multicellular gametophyte 1n spores 1n gametes 1n meiosis mitosis fertilization mitosis male female

7. AP Biology 2005-2006 Cones & naked seeds

8. AP Biology 2005-2006 male female male (pollen) cones female cones sporangium & pollen pine embryo

9. AP Biology 2005-2006 Pollen  Pollen eliminated the requirement for water for fertilization  spread through wind & animal

10. AP Biology 2005-2006 First flowering plants  Angiosperm: flowering plants  vascular  heterospory  male vs. female gametophytes  flower  specialized structure for sexual reproduction  seeds within fruit  pollen  life cycle dominated by sporophyte stage  trees & bushes you are familiar with are diploid  reduced (microscopic) gametophyte

11. AP Biology 2005-2006 Angiosperm: flowering plants

12. AP Biology 2005-2006 Anther Filament Stamen Stigma Style Ovary Carpel Sepal Petal Ovule Flower  Modified shoot with 4 rings of modified leaves  sepals  petals  stamens  male  carpel  female sepals petals stamens carpel

13. AP Biology 2005-2006 Identify flower structures…

14. AP Biology 2005-2006 Flowers

15. AP Biology 2005-2006 Corn flowers & seeds