1. Turning Details into Body Paragraphs Taking the next step….

2. Before we begin…. Are the 5 details you analyzed a paragraph on their own? NO! Why not? What is missing?

3. What’s missing? 1.Topic sentence 2.Logical order for details 3.Transitional phrases between details 4.Concluding sentence

4. Topic Sentence How do we create a topic sentence from the details you have analyzed? 1.Choose 3 details that make a similar point. 2.Write a sentence that explains the similar point they make. Example: Aron’s writing expresses exactly how frightening and difficult his experience in the canyon was.

5. Choosing an Order What are some of the options for ordering details in a coherent paragraph? 1.Chronological order 2.Order of importance (i.e., increasing difficulty, growing fear and anxiety)

6. Transitional Phrases Phrases that move your paragraph from one detail to the next. They should indicate what your order is. Examples: Chronological: first, next, finally, then, after Importance: Aron experiences a small difficulty when he…, this difficulty grows as…., his greatest difficulty comes when….

7. Concluding Sentence A sentence that draws all details together and ends the paragraph. (if there will be a paragraph after the one you just finished, this should also begin the transition to the next paragraph. Example: The violence of Aron’s figurative language and imagery vividly express how horrifying his experience was.

8. Aron’s writing expresses exactly how frightening and difficult his experience in the canyon was. One of his smallest difficulties is the fatigue that has set in on him He describes it with a metaphor. Explaining how difficult it is to stay awake, Aron writes, “I yawn, battling fatigue.” The metaphor comparing his struggle to keep his eyes open to a war highlights that this is a life or death situation, and that if he loses this battle, it will likely result in his death. He feels a greater horror when he accidentally grazes the tip of his trapped thumb with his knife. He describes the knife piercing his finger with the simile, “…a thin piece of decayed flesh…peels back like the skin of rotten milk….” The disgusting comparison of his skin to something rotting further develops the fear he is experiencing as his body is slowly decaying around him. He describes the most horrifying part of his experience so far, breaking his own arm, with another simile. When his arm breaks he writes, “As I slowly bend my arm down to the left, a POW! reverberates like a muted cap gun shot.” The violent simile Aron uses shows how loud and painful it was to break his own arm. The violence of Aron’s figurative language vividly expresses how horrifying his experience was.

9. Comparison Original detail: Aron uses a simile to describe the moment he broke his arm. When his arm breaks, he says, “As I slowly bend my arm down to the left, a POW! reverberates like a muted cap gun shot.” The violent simile Aron uses shows how loud and painful it was to break his own arm. Detail in paragraph: He describes the most horrifying part of his experience so far, breaking his own arm, with another simile. When his arm breaks he writes, “As I slowly bend my arm down to the left, a POW! reverberates like a muted cap gun shot.” The violent simile Aron uses shows how loud and painful it was to break his own arm.