1. Sage Jasdip Kaur

2. Sage Common Name: Sage Scientific Name: Salvia Officinalis

3. Where are Sage Found? ● Found in its natural wild condition from Spain along the Mediterranean coast up to and including the east side of the Adriatic. It grows in profusion on the mountains and hills in Croatia and Dalmatia, and on the islands of Veglia and Cherso in Quarnero Gulf, being found mostly where there is a limestone formation with very little soil. ● Is native to the Mediterranean region, though it has naturalized in many places throughout the world. ● They grow in grassland, desert, and shrubland biomes.

4. Role in the ecosystem The main role of sage is for medicinal and culinary purposes. Medicinal: important domestic herbal remedy for disorders of the digestive system. Culinary: can be used as a condiment or for teas

5. What does sage treat? Well known for the use of culinary or medicinal herb. Bleeding of wounds and cleaned ulcers and sores. Improving memory Pain protecting the body against oxidative stress, free radical damages, angiogenesis, inflammation, bacterial and virus infection

6. Chemical compounds flavonoids Terpenoids Essential oils: very important sources for the screening of anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and free radical scavenging agents. Major Components: 1,8-cineole, camphor, borneol, bornyl acetate, camphene, α- and β-thujone, linalool, α- and β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, α- and β-pinene, viridiflorol, pimaradiene, salvianolic acid, rosmarinic acid, carnosolic acid, ursolic acid

7. How Sage Works in the Body It has a considerable reputation as a remedy, given in small and often-repeated doses. It is highly serviceable as a stimulant tonic in debility of the stomach and nervous system and weakness of digestion generally. Due to its high antioxidant capacity, sage can help protect the body's cells from damage caused by free radicals, which often results in cell death, impaired immunity, and chronic disease.

8. Parts of sage for treatment The leaf is used to make the medicine. The leaves make excellent tooth cleaners, simply by rubbing the top side of the leaf over the teeth and gums. Essential oil from the leaves is also used in perfumery, hair shampoos (good for dark hair) and as a food flavouring. Formerly the root was used, dry, in domestic medicine, and also the seeds.

9. Reproduction Sage is a flowering plant that reproduces via pollen. Because it is a flowering plant, it is considered an angiosperm, meaning "covered seed." Sage has a similar life cycle to many other angiosperms, which features an alternation of generations, meaning both the gametophyte and sporophyte adults are multi-cellular organisms.

10. Preparing sage Sage can be taken as a tea, and the infusion can used externally as a skin and hair rinse, and as a gargle for sore throats. Liquid extracts can be diluted with water and easily applied to teeth and gums. To use sage: cut off sage leaves and utilize them (optional: cut up leaves for various recipes)

11. Citations http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/s/sages-05.html http://www.herbwisdom.com/herb-sage.html http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4003706/ http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-504-sage.aspx?activeingredientid=504& http://www.anniesremedy.com/herb_detail52.php#Prep http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=76 https://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2012/blazel_mark/reproduction.htm http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Salvia+officinalis http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/maps/Plantae/Dicotyledoneae/Lamiaceae/Salvia/map_of_Salvia_officinalis.jpg http://homeguides.sfgate.com/biomes-sage-grow-91692.html