1. Artificial Ecosystems 23b
Foundations of Technology
Standard 15
Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use agricultural and related biotechnologies.

2. Artificial Ecosystems
Everything in the natural world is connected.
An ecosystem is a community of living and non-living things that work together.
Ecosystems have no particular size. An ecosystem can be as large as a desert or a lake or as small as a tree or a puddle.

3. Artificial Ecosystems
The whole earth's surface can be described by a series of interconnected ecosystems. All living beings form and are part of ecosystems.

4. *Artificial Ecosystems*
If you have a terrarium, that is an artificial ecosystem. The water, water temperature, plants, animals, air, light and soil all work together.
If there isn't enough light or water or if the soil doesn't have the right nutrients, the plants will die.

5. Artificial Ecosystems
If the plants die, animals that depend on them will die.
If the animals that depend on the plants die, any animals that depends on those animals will die.

6. Artificial Ecosystems
Ecosystems in nature work the same way.
All the parts work together to make a balanced system!

7. Artificial Ecosystems
A healthy ecosystem has lots of species diversity and is less likely to be seriously damaged by human interaction, natural disasters and climate changes.

8. Artificial Ecosystems
Every species has a niche in its ecosystem that helps keep the system healthy.
We are learning about new species every day, and we are just figuring out the roles they play in the natural world.
By studying and maintaining biodiversity, we help keep our planet healthy.

9. Artificial Ecosystems
In a lake ecosystem, the sun hits the water and helps the algae grow.
Algae produces oxygen for animals like fish, and provides food for microscopic animals.
Small fish eat the microscopic animals, absorb oxygen with their gills and expel carbon dioxide, which plants then use to grow.

10. Artificial Ecosystems
If the algae disappeared, everything else would be impacted.
Microscopic animals wouldn't have enough food, fish wouldn't have enough oxygen and plants would lose some of the carbon dioxide they need to grow.

11. Artificial Ecosystems
Ecosystems have lots of different living organisms that interact with each other.
The living organisms in an ecosystem can be divided into three categories: producers, consumers and decomposers. They are all important parts of an ecosystem.

12. Artificial Ecosystems
Producers are the green plants. They make their own food.
Consumers are animals and they get their energy from the producers or from organisms that eat producers.

13. Artificial Ecosystems
There are three types of consumers:
herbivores are animals that eat plants
carnivores are animals that eat herbivores and sometimes other carnivores
omnivores are animals that eat plants and other animals.

14. Artificial Ecosystems
The third type of living organism in an ecosystem are the decomposers.
Decomposers are plants and animals that break down dead plants and animals into organic materials that go back into the soil. Which is where we started!

15. Artificial Ecosystems
What are the major parts of an ecosystem?
An ecosystem includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms.

16. Artificial Ecosystems
Soil is a critical part of an ecosystem.
It provides important nutrients for the plants in an ecosystem.
It helps anchor the plants to keep them in place.
Soil absorbs and holds water for plants and animals to use and provides a home for lots of living organisms.

17. Artificial Ecosystems
The atmosphere provides oxygen and carbon dioxide for the plants and animals in an ecosystem.
The atmosphere is also part of the water cycle.
Without the complex interactions and elements in the atmosphere, there would be no life at all!

18. Artificial Ecosystems
The heat and light from the sun are critical parts of an ecosystem.
The sun's heat helps water evaporate and return to the atmosphere where it is cycled back into water.
The heat also keeps plants and animals warm. Without light from the sun there would be no photosynthesis and plants wouldn't have the energy they need to make food.

19. Artificial Ecosystems
Without water there would be no life.
Water is a large percentage of the cells that make up all living organisms.
In fact, you may have heard that humans can go longer without food than they can without water. It's true!
Without water all life would die. In addition to being an important part of cells, water is also used by plants to carry and distribute the nutrients they need to survive.

20. *Artificial Ecosystems*
Artificial ecosystems are human-made complexes reproducing some facets of the natural environment.
They can be used to study agricultural processes and systems as they would be useful to biological ecosystems.

21. *Artificial Ecosystems*
Some examples of artificial ecosystems are terrariums and hydroponics.
They function as part of a larger closed system supporting living organisms.
A terrarium is used to nurture plant and or animal life in an enclosed environment.
It acts as a complete habitat using all the systems of life, such as food, water, shelter, and space.

22. *Artificial Ecosystems*
Terrariums can be used for decoration and enjoyment, but they can also be used to study the ways in which the elements of an ecosystem depend on one another.
Terrarium

23. Artificial Ecosystems
Some greenhouses can be considered large-scale terrariums, and they can be used to grow plants and animals in areas differing from their natural habitats.
Typical Greenhouse

24. *Artificial Ecosystems*
A hydroponics station is used to grow plants without soil.
Similar to terrariums, these stations are controlled environments supplying the light, humidity, food, and water the plants needs for growth.
Tomato Hydroponics

25. *Artificial Ecosystems*
Hydroponics is an alternative to traditional agriculture for farmers in areas with poor soil.
Using hydroponics stations, farmers can grow vegetables and other plants in the middle of a desert or in an alley in a crowded city.

26. *Artificial Ecosystems*
Managing an artificial ecosystem entails collecting facts to plan, organize, and control processes, products, and systems.
Operating such a system necessitates absolute control and cultivation.

27. Artificial Ecosystems
Temperature, nutrients, light, water, air, circulation, waste recycling, and monitoring of insects all require management in order for the hydroponics system to function well.

28. Artificial Ecosystems Summary
An ecosystem is a geographical area of a variable size where plants, animals, the landscape and the climate all interact together
Natural agriculture environments can be recreated artificially
Artificial ecosystems may be used for enjoyment or for educational purposes
Terrariums and hydroponics stations are the most common types of these artificial ecosystems

29. Artificial Ecosystems Summary
A terrarium is used to nurture plant and or animal life in an enclosed environment
Hydroponics is a method used to grow plants without soil
Producers, consumers and decomposers are all important parts of an ecosystem

30. Artificial Ecosystems Summary
Producers are the green plants
Consumers are animals and they get their energy from the producers or from organisms that eat producers
Decomposers are plants and animals that break down dead plants and animals into organic materials that go back into the soil

31. Artificial Ecosystems Summary
There are three types of consumers: herbivores are animals that eat plants; carnivores are animals that eat herbivores and sometimes other carnivores; and, omnivores are animals that eat plants and other animals
An ecosystem includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms

32. Artificial Ecosystems Summary
Soil is a critical part of an ecosystem. It provides important nutrients for the plants in an ecosystem. It helps anchor the plants to keep them in place. Soil absorbs and holds water for plants and animals to use and provides a home for lots of living organisms

33. Artificial Ecosystems Summary
The atmosphere provides oxygen and carbon dioxide for the plants and animals in an ecosystem
The heat and light from the sun are critical parts of an ecosystem
Water is a large percentage of the cells that make up all living organisms. Without water all life would die