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The Progressive Movement

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1 The Progressive Movement

2 The Progressive Movement
What is it? A Reform movement of the early 1900’s Reform = A change for the better When did it occur? Why did it happen? Influence of the Populist Movement Corruption in government Impact of political machines Writings of Muckrakers Growth of an educated middle class Where did it occur? Mostly urban areas

3 Progressive Era Introduction
What are biggest social, political and environmental problems that our country faces today?

4 Progressive Era Introduction
Which of these problems do you think were also problems in the early 1900s?

5 Muckrakers Definition – A group of journalists who uncovered the problems of American society and wrote about them. Notable Muckrakers – Upton Sinclair Ida Tarbell Lincoln Steffens Jacob Riis Coined by President Theodore Roosevelt who said they “raked the mud of society.”

6 Activity Today you will be assuming the role of muckrakers to investigate problems with living and working conditions, the environment, politics, and society in the United States in the early 20th century. To do this, you will conduct “field investigations” about these problems.

7 Steps 1) Read History Alive Section – complete left hand column
NOTES 2) Look at the image and complete middle column IMAGE 3) Read the excerpt in the folder QUOTE Pick out 1 good excerpt – write it down in the right hand column Put the excerpt into your words

8 Conditions in the Slums
Problems Tenement living Inadequate infrastructure Lack of fire protection Sanitation Problems Proposed Solutions or Reforms Gov’t regulations on infrastructure and increased services Urban sewer systems

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12 Problems in the Workplace
Boring and dangerous work Very low wages Proposed Solutions or Reforms Increased number of labor laws (for safety, pay, age…)

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15 Unsafe Products Proposed Solutions or Reforms Problems
Food that was not regulated Medicines that posed a risk Monopolization by big business Proposed Solutions or Reforms Pure Food and Drug Act Meat Inspection Act Trustbusting = the breaking up of monopolies

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19 Changing the Landscape
Problems Deforestation Land stripped of natural vegetation Proposed Solutions or Reforms Alter ranching practices Increase in number of federal lands (national parks)

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23 Extracting Natural Resources
Problems Mining was dangerous and harmed the environment Destruction to the natural landscape Proposed Solutions or Reforms Increase in federal lands (national parks)

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26 Polluting Water and Air
Problems Pollution from factories Animal waste in cities Problems with city water Proposed Solutions or Reforms Water management systems Automobiles (solution to animal waste but increase in other pollution)

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29 Political Machines and Bosses
Problems Definition = politicians whose main goal was to get and keep political power and the money and influence that went with it Tammany Hall and William “Boss” Tweed Corruption at all levels, but any benefits? Proposed Solutions or Reforms Breaking up of the political machines (Thomas Nast)

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32 Corruption in Local / State Politics
Problems Political bosses controlled access to jobs, construction and business Political machines profit from illegal activity Rigging of elections (fraud) Proposed Solutions or Reforms Breaking up of political machines Greater regulation on elections

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35 Corruption on a National Level
Problems State legislators chose senators (“Millionaire’s Club”) Big business contributions Patronage = giving jobs to friends Proposed Solutions or Reforms 17 Amendment Pendleton Act = guidelines for hiring civil service employees (based on merit)

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38 Social Classes Proposed Solutions or Reforms Problems
Greater divide b/w rich and poor Classes divided by location as well Harsh circumstances for the poor Proposed Solutions or Reforms Increased middle class Ethnic neighborhoods (solution or problem?)

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41 Life for African Americans
Problems Jim Crow Laws Disenfranchised (not able to vote) Violence against blacks Proposed Solutions or Reforms Great Migration (solution or just a reaction?)

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44 Role of Women Proposed Solutions or Reforms Problems 19th Amendment
Could not vote Education and pay at lower levels than men Domestic responsibilities placed by society (problem?) Proposed Solutions or Reforms 19th Amendment Increased number of women attending college Increased number of women joining the workforce New appliances

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47 Challenges for the American Family
Problems Child Labor Lack of education Alcohol Corruption associated with city life Proposed Solutions or Reforms Child Labor laws Public Education 18th Amendment and Temperance Movement

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50 Muckraker Expose Directions for the Muckraker Expose Assignment
Expose = A piece of writing that reveals the truth about a person or subject

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