1. Protecting Yourself From Bloodborne Pathogens By Frank Taylor, CSP

2. AGENDA Bloodborne Pathogens What & Where are they? Viruses = Hepatitis, HIV & Ebola Routes of entry Protecting yourself Ebola Update

3. Pathogens 4 major types (humans) (1) bacteria (cellular) (2) viruses (sub-cellular) (3) protozoa (cellular animals) (4) helminths (parasitic worms) Protozoa Bacteria Helminths

4. Bacteria or Virus? Bacteria cellular organisms, most not pathogenic Mathematical Viruses genetic entities enter host cells infect to reproduce.

5. Viruses Cause a number of diseases in humans: Airborne –Common colds/flu, –Small/chickenpox, polio, –Shingles, herpes, rabies, –Hanta fever, some types of cancer Bloodborne Hepatitis (A thru E), AIDS & Ebola

6. What Are Bloodborne Pathogens? Bloodborne in blood or OPIM primarily attack the liver Pathogens disease causing microorganisms

7. Where Are They Found? Body fluids Blood or OPIM = fluids w/Blood products: Vomit Semen/Vaginal Secretions Fluids: Cerebrospinal Synovial Amniotic Mucus

8. HIV Primarily by Sexual Xmission Occupational Xmission Total cases to 1999= 57 After 1999 = 1

9. Ebola - What/Outbreaks ? RNA Viral infection = Liver inflammation Origen: W. Africa Death w/in 6-16 days Only 4 cases in US

10. What Is Hepatitis? Liver inflammation Primarily by viral infection Because the liver filters out the blood toxins

11. Hepatitis A & E Hepatitis A = Vaccine Exists Hepatitis E = No vaccine Transmitted via food/water contaminated w/fecal matter Poor sanitation/hygiene Flu-like symptoms Shot infection cycle (1-4wks)

12. Hepatitis B Transmission Contact w/HBV in body fluids Most often contaminated needles/syringes Sometimes blood transfusions STD

13. Hepatitis B Vaccination Recommended for Foreign Travel Provided at no cost to affected employees

14. Hepatitis D One of the newer types. Transmitted primarily as STD. Co-infection w/Hep B Single RNA Strand B and D is BaD

15. Hepatitis C Transmission Blood/body fluids –Needles/tattooing –Razor, tooth brush No vaccination exists

16. HIV Virus Causes AIDS STD Attacks the immune system + vulnerable to other No effective vaccine Since 1981 –Infected = 1,051,875 –Deaths = 583,298 Infected = 3 men to every woman

17. How Can A Bloodborne Disease Be Transmitted?

18. Work/ Public Contamination Infected person’s blood could contaminate –Sharp Objects Surfaces (handles, railings, knobs) Broken glass Tools

19. Routes Of Entry Contaminated Hand to Mouth/nose/eyes Mucus membranes Skin Contact Punctures W/cuts/sores

20. Protecting Yourself As Easy as A B C Attitude –Universal Precautions Behavior –Avoidance, –Hand Washing, Disinfection Controls – PPE, CPR Masks, Sharps Containers

21. Ebola Facts Ebola = (EVD) Victims bleed from anywhere in body Usually, victims bleed to death No Cure, Treat symptoms only Origin – 1976 (S. Sudan & Congo)

22. Ebola Update Current outbreak = March 2014 Most widespread since 1976 Named after Ebola River Source animal undiscovered –Fruit bat? –Monkey?

24. Summary Blood Borne Pathogens What – Viruses = Hepatitus/AIDS/Ebola Where – Body fluids on surfaces, sharps Prevention Attitude – Universal Precautions Behavior – Avoid contact, Wash, Disinfect Controls – Cover up Ebola Update

25. ??Questions??