1. Protection and Management of Ecosystem in the Korean West Bay State Hydrometeorological Administration, DPR Korea Address: Oesong-Dong, Central District, Pyongyang City, DPR Korea, E-mail: shma@co.chesin.com

2. Contents Background Policy and management Community participation Pollution Prevention Plan of Korean West Bay Challenges&Opportunities

3. Background Geography DPR Korea is located at the East Asia and is bordered on the north by China and Russia. Korean West Bay is situated at the middle part of DPR Korea Annual average precipitation: 1208mm Annual average temperature: 10.1 ℃ 평양

4. Background Socio Economy The Capital of DPR Korea Pyongyang city, South Pyongan Province, North Hwanghae Province and South Hwanghae province belong to this bay. Industry: ferrous metal industry, machine industry, building materials industry, textile industry Transportation: railway, motor, ship, air

5. Background Fishery Resources There are several hundreds species of phytoplanktons and zooplanktons, industrially valuable fishes and several species of benthos such as shellfishes, crabs, shrimps and Cephalopodan. Several fishery stations and sideline bases are producing several thousands tons of fish products every year, such as big clams and short neck clams, sea cucumbers and other fishes and so on.

6. Environmental Issues Biodiversity - Reduction and destruction in area of farms suitable for mariculture farms. - In the recent years, the frequent red tide occurrence Thus, sometimes death of the fishes such as mullet and benthos - Reduction of fishery resources due to overfishing For example, the potential production of short neck clam in the habitat reaches myriads tons and its value reaches tens millions. From this, fishing activities were very active in the coastal waters and thus, caused reducing of some fishery resources.

7. Policy and Management To build further beautiful and clean coasts by improving management of the coasts and territorial waters and swarm with a shoal of fish in the sea is a consistent policy of the government for management of the coasts and territorial waters. The target is to prevent wastes from factories and urban and damage by storm surge, protect the coastal resources and maintain cleanly the coasts.

8. Policy and Management Related Laws Law of Environmental Protection Law of Land Law of Land Protection Law of Public Health Law of Pollution Protection in the Sea Law of Environmental Impact Assessment Law of Sea Supervision

9. Policy and Management Education and Training While the government emphasis a role that education plays in environmental protection for land and sea, it took necessary measures to train the experts with environmental knowledge by adding the contents for environmental protection and coastal management to curriculums and subjects of the educational organs.

10. Policy and Management Awareness Raising The government pushed so that the Union of Nature Preservation would conduct actively diverse public awareness-raising activities for environment, coasts and territorial waters by strengthening the connection with environment-related educational organs and research institutions of the country. NGOs Oceanographic Institution, Geographic Institution, Water Protection Institution, Atmospheric Protection Institution, Soil Protection Institution and Forest Protection Institution were organized, which are carrying out the public awareness-raising activities for coast, sea, land, forestry, atmospheric and water environment involving several fields of environmental, oceanographic scientists, officials and staffs.

11. Policy and Management Awareness Raising On the occasion of the Day of World Environment, on June 5 every year, the ceremonies attended by staffs, experts and students from the central organs of several fields of national economy including environmental field, local units and government bodies and national workshops for public awareness-raising and scientific and technological seminars are organized.

12. Policy and Management Awareness Raising DPR Korea defines April and July as month for protection of fishery resources and in this period, propagates widely policy of the government for protection and proliferation of fishery resources and deeply recognizes to the masses that fishery resources is precious wealth of themselves. It makes them participate willingly production and proliferation of fishery resources and encourages actively this field of scientific and technological interchanges.

13. Community Participation State Hydrometeorological Administration, Ministry of Land and Environment Protection, Ministry of City Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Fishery, Governmental organs and its affiliated organs and enterprises, local power organs, public organizations and citizens participate

14. Pollution Prevention Plan of Korean West Bay The measures for purification and treatment of sewages and wastes in the basin, for the present, are to rebuild and expand sewage treatment plants in Pyongyang city, Nampo city of South Pyongan Province and Songrim city of North Hwanghae Province and in the future, rebuild and establish newly them in the around of Pyongyang city and major points of South Pyongan Province and North Hwanghae Province. The purified sewages are to use for irrigation, plant watering and biological fertilizer and solid wastes for the production of methane. The factories and enterprises are responsible for purification of wastes from themselves so that it can reach the State Environmental Protection Standard. As the technical purification process of agricultural wastes, small-scale factory for organic fertilizer production should be built, managed and popularized.

15. Pollution Prevention Plan of Korean West Bay The harbour arrangement is to contribute to the water environment protection defining exactly character and capacity of existing and planned harbours and wharfs in the Taedong river and is coastal waters. In order to prevent thoroughly the pollution of Taedong river by oil, the integrated harbour district including fuel oil tank, ship repair bases and fishery bases should be developed outside of the barrage. The industrial harbour in the Taedong river is not to develop more except existing ones.

16. Challenges &Opportunities Challenges - Limited funds for improving the environment – Introducing modern purification technique – Establishing regular environmental monitoring and early warning system – Enhancing the inhabitant’s awareness for environment of the Korean West Bay and its coastal waters – Insufficient database for integrated management of the Korean West Bay

17. Challenges &Opportunities Opportunities The YSLME project will be opportunity for capacity building of DPR Korea to protect ecosystem of the Korean West Sea. DPR Korea has many experiences and knowledge in works for drawing up policy and action plan to prevent pollution of the Taedong river and protect biodiversity and implement it. Until now, it recognized the importance of this project and substantial benefits in the course of participating in this project as an observer and strengthened some capacities in course of conducting several activities to contribute to protect jointly ecosystem of the YSLME. This implies that DPR Korea has possibility to keep in step with other members in 2nd phase of the project. But capacity building in several aspects should be still realized to keep in step with other members in 2nd phase of the project.

18. Thank You