1. Writing 1 The Second Semester 2015-2016 Presented by Dr. Mohamed Sha’at

2. The objective of the Session Students are expected to: -Use correct pronounce for key nouns.. -Rewrite some sentences correctly.

3. Pronouns Agreement with Antecedent The antecedent is the word to which a possessive adjective (my, your, his etc..) or a possessive pronoun (mine, hers, yours, ours) refers. Consider the following example: Khalid wasted his money. ‘Khalid’ is the antecedent of the possessive adjective ‘his’. Note the following rules: 1- When the parts of a compound antecedent are joined by or/nor, the pronoun should agree with the nearest antecedent. - The lawyer defended his policy, but neither the doctor nor the nurses could defended theirs. - Neither the driver nor the passengers (is/are) certain of the time.

4. 2- A relative pronoun agrees in number with the antecedent immediately preceding it. They visited one of the buildings which was/were destroyed. 3- With indefinite pronouns, use singular possessive/adjective pronouns. The most common indefinite pronouns are: one, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody, every, each, neither, anyone, someone, somebody. Each student is/are required to take out health insurance. 4- When none of in a noun phrase is the subject of a clause, both the verb and the pronoun agree in number with the noun which follows of. None of the students is/are here. None of them was/were from Germany.

5. Using Pronouns for Key Nouns, p.69 Because a paragraph is about one topic, writers often repeat key nouns from the topic sentence in their supporting sentence. However, too much repetition can sound awkward. To avoid this repetition, a writer should use correct pronouns. Study the following examples: One of the best cities to visit on the coast of the united States is Washington. It has some interesting landmarks. Flight attendants receive a large amount of training. They learn about customer service and safety.

6. When you use pronouns, it is important to be consistent. Find and correct the wrong pronoun references in the following paragraph, p.69: Giraffes are among the most interesting of all the animals that live in Africa. They are easily recognized by their special features. They have long necks and long legs, but its neck is longer than its legs. It usually lives in very dry areas. Fortunately, it can survive a long time without drinking any water. In addition, giraffes have thick eyelashes to protect their eyes from the dust in their dry habitat.

7. Building Better Sentences Students can practice writing better sentences which is excised on Practice 7 pp. 235-237. Consider the following example: - One of the cities to visit is Washington D.C. - It is one of the best cities. - It is on the coast of the United States. - The coast is in the East. One of the best cities to visit on the coast of the United States is Washington D.C.

8. Polling How can you grade this meeting? A = excellent, B = very good, C = good or D = fair.

9. Dr. Mohammed Sha’at