1. Chapter 30: The Conservative Ascendancy 1974-1987

2. I. The Overextended Society 1970s

3. A. A Troubled Economy 1.Stagflation: increased prices and unemployment along with decreased economic activity 2. Oil embargo = a.Gas doubles b.Rationing c.Dept. of Energy Speed/daylight d.Local gov’t: e.prices increase 3. Outsourcing

4. Oil Crisis of 1973

6. A. A Troubled Economy (con’t) 4.Women in the workforce a.Married w/children b.Pay: from $.64 to $.59

7. B. Sunbelt/Snowbelt 1.Population shifts – Why? a.Sunbelt b.Snowbelt/rustbelt

8. C. Gerald Ford (1974-1977) 1.Pardons Nixon 2.WIN? a.Whip Inflation Now b.Effectiveness? Republican

9. C. Jimmy Carter ( 1977-1981) 1.“Outsider” 2.deregulated airline industry 3.Banks unsupervised 4.Inflation at its worst 5.College tuition at a all time high Democrat

10. D. Urban Politics 1.local level participation 2.AA politicians increased 3.Fiscal crisis of ’70s a.Politicians ineffective b.Job programs ineffective c.Affirmative Action = “reverse” discrimination

11. D. Urban Politics (con’t) 4.Conservative candidates a. law-abiding b. hard-working c. tax-paying majority

12. E. Endangered Environment 1.Three Mile Island, Pa. 2.Love Canal, NY. 3.Florida Everglades 4.Silent Spring: DDT/pesticides 5.Results a.Earth Day: April 22 b.Recycling c.Decreased meat consumption d.Personal gardens; organic e.Environmental groups

13. II. The New Conservatism 30.2

14. II. The New Conservatism A. The New Right 1.“Moral majority” 2.Televangelists Jerry Falwell 3.Jesse Helms: ok w/ a.KKK, segregation, tobacco companies, Watergate, pollution from cars b.Anti-MLK c.Becomes Senator of North Carolina

15. B. Anti-ERA, Anti-abortion 1. For a.Balanced budget Amend. b.School prayers c.Death penalty 2. Against 1.Gov’t funded day care 2.Reforms establishing educational equity 3.Social services for battered women and single moms 4.Equal Rights Amendment

16. C. Equal Rights Amendment Phyllis Schlafly

17. D. Roe v. Wade (1973) 1.Argument: Crime for state to allow abortions 2.Result: Women have the right to choose 3.Stipulations based on trimester of pregnancy

18. E. “The Me Decade” 1.Personal well-being 2.Emotional security 3.Therapy 4.Health and fitness

19. 30.3: Adjusting to a New World

20. A. A Thaw in the Cold War 1.Both US and SU’s economy suffering 2.Deficit spending 3.Nat’l debt a.1950 - $257 B b.1980 - $908 B 4.Late 1970s a.Decreased productivity, personal savings and skilled workforce b.inflation

21. B. SALT II 1.Started with Ford, ended with Carter 2.Not ratified by US due to SU invasion of Afghanistan

22. C. Foreign Policy & “Moral Principles” 1.No economic support for violations of human rights a.Brazil b.Argentina c.Chile d.S. Africa 2.CIA reforms: too much corruption 3.Camp David Accords (see next slide) 4.Return of Panama Canal 2000 to Panama

23. D. Camp David Accords (1978) 1.Egypt recognizes Israel's rights to exist 2.Shared Nobel Peace prize amongst Begin and Sadat. 3.Return of the Sinai Peninsula; stop Israeli settlements in the Sinai but continued in other disputed areas 4.Sadat assassinated: killed by an Egyptian extremist Begin, Carter, el-Sadat

24. Shah Phalavi American Hostages Ayatollah Khomeini

25. E. Iran Hostage Crisis 1.Overthrow of Shah Phalavi by fundamentalists 2.Led by Ayatollah Khomeini 3.US allows shah entry into US due to cancer treatment = hostage situation Current: Ali Khamene’i

26. F. Ronald Reagan (1981-1989) 1.Landslide win 2.Supported by “moral majority” and Jesse Helms 3.Voter turn out – about 50%

27. 30.4 Reagan

28. A. “The Great Communicator” 1.From Illinois 2.Actor turned politician 3.anticommunist 4.Gov. of California a.Decreased state welfare b.Decreased state employees c.Income on tax revenues shared w/local gov’t d.Spoke out against student protesters during V. war

29. B.Reaganomics 1. Supply-side economics a.Increase production by decreasing taxes and deregulating industries, not by cutting spending. b.Consumers will then benefit from a greater supply of goods and services at lower prices. c.Industry will then have more money to: i.Invest ii.hire employees, therefore, putting more money into the economy iii.Resulting in more people to tax on income

30. C. Economic Recovery Tax Act 1981 1.Decrease income and corporate taxes 2.Decrease max. tax on income from 70% to 50% 3.Decrease max. capital gains tax from 25% to 20% (when you are investing, the profits that you make will now be taxed at a lower rate) 4.No distinction between earned and unearned income (inheritance/gifting income usually taxed at a higher rate)

31. D. Methods of increasing productivity during the Reagan years 1.Decrease regulations on EPA standards, workplace safety and consumer protection! 2.Deregulated industries, esp. car pollution standards 3.Develop reserved wildlife lands and wetlands 4.Encourage speculation in market trading (reality = corruption)

32. E.Reagan’s Recession, Recovery, & Fiscal Crisis 1.Highest debt ever! Rich are getting richer! 2.1982 recession: Unemployment @ > 11% 3.National debt has tripled a.1980 - $914 Billion b.1989 - $2.7 Trillion c.Today - $15.5 trillion! ($50,098.50 paid by every man, woman, and child to pay off! ) 4.Interest on debt was 14% of federal budget; only allotted for 7% 5.We are the world’s biggest debtor nation!

33. F. Reagan Doctrine Instability in underdeveloped countries due to influence of the SU

34. G. Iran-Contra Scandal 1.“Arms-for-hostage” deal 2.US selling arms to Iran so they can fight Iraq 3.US gives money from arms sales to Nicaraguan Contras to help overthrow the Sandinistas 4.Violates the Boland Amendment – no aid to contras of Nicaragua

35. H. Collapse of Communism 1. Mikhail Gorbachev (1985) a.Economic and political reforms via glasnost (openness= more freedoms; most speech) and perestroika (restructuring= move towards capitalism) b.Stopped the arms race c.Freed dissidents from prison 2.Wall falls on November 9, 1989 3.Gorbachev resigns Dec. 25, 1991