1. 11.1 Students analyze the significant events in the founding of the nation and its attempts to realize the philosophy of government described in the Declaration of Independence. Describe the Enlightenment and the rise of democratic ideas as the context in which the nation was founded. Analyze the ideological origins of the American Revolution, the Founding Fathers' philosophy of divinely bestowed unalienable natural rights, the debates on the drafting and ratification of the Constitution, and the addition of the Bill of Rights. Understand the history of the Constitution after 1787 with emphasis on federal versus state authority and growing democratization. Examine the effects of the Civil War and Reconstruction and of the industrial revolution, including demographic shifts and the emergence in the late nineteenth century of the United States as a world power.

2. Students analyze the role religion played in the founding of America, its lasting moral, social, and political impacts, and issues regarding religious liberty. Describe the contributions of various religious groups to American civic principles and social reform movements (e.g., civil and human rights, individual responsibility and the work ethic, antimonarchy and self-rule, worker protection, family-centered communities). Analyze the great religious revivals and the leaders involved in them, including the First Great Awakening, the Second Great Awakening, the Civil War revivals, the Social Gospel Movement, the rise of Christian liberal theology in the nineteenth century, the impact of the Second Vatican Council, and the rise of Christian fundamentalism in current times. Cite incidences of religious intolerance in the United States (e.g., persecution of Mormons, anti-Catholic sentiment, anti-Semitism). Discuss the expanding religious pluralism in the United States and California that resulted from large-scale immigration in the twentieth century. Describe the principles of religious liberty found in the Establishment and Free Exercise clauses of the First Amendment, including the debate on the issue of separation of church and state.

3. Today’s goal England began new colonies on the North American Continent. The English brought ideas to North America that would be the foundation of a new nation run by general will and common law. Many English colonies would be governed locally by their own representatives. The ideas of separation of church and state and religious freedom (including atheism) were developed.

4. Homework

5. Key Idea P. 23 Analyzing Causes, A The colonists neglected farming and suffered from hunger

6. p. 23, B Analyzing Issues Question They did not want to pay taxes for their defense. They were not being represented in the legislature.

7. p. 23, spotlight What powers of the present United States government were practiced by the Virginia House of Burgesses almost 400 years ago? Powers to raise taxes and make legislation Legislative acts can be vetoed by an executive

8. p. 23, spotlight What powers of the Virginia House of Burgesses, almost 400 years ago, are distinct from the present US government? VHOB was a unicameral legislature; US Congress has a bicameral one. VHOB had a constituency of White, male landowners; US Congress is made of any citizen over 18.

9. P 24, C analyzing issues Question: The felt that the Church of England (Anglican) retained too many Catholic rituals.

10. p. 24, forming generalizations Question They wanted to create a society dominated by Puritan religious views.

11. p. 25, Geographic Skillbuilder 1. Plymouth 2. Delaware River EC: Why would it be a good part of a border? Rivers are a natural “line” or division, better than a line on a map. They do not disappear quickly.

12. p. 25, E Analyzing Issues Separation of church and state Religious freedom

13. p. 26, F Predicting Effects Lasting bitterness between Native-Americans and colonists (Europeans) Colonists continuing to take more Native- American lands.

14. p. 26, G Analyzing Effects They welcomed a variety of religious and ethnic groups

15. p. 27, Skillbuilder 1 Both Puritan and Quaker meeting houses look more like houses than churches. Quaker meeting house has two doors 2 The altar is raised and stands behind a screen which keeps the congregation in a separate area.

16. p. 28 H, Contrasting Penn Sought their respect and friendship Paid them for their land Puritans Sought to remove them from their lands once attempts to convert them had failed

17. p. 29, geography skillbuilder The New England and Middle Colonies (Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania)

18. p.30, analyzing effects benefitted English businesses through control of huge trade profits, as well as English port cities. Benefitted those colonists with profits from a booming shipbuilding industry.

19. p. 30, #3 Evaluating Benefits Indentured servants were available, willing (desperate?), and low-cost labor. drawbacks Terms of servitude were relatively short When they were free, they had little or no money. Being poor, they had little or no rights.

20. p. 30, #4 Predicting Effects Britain (England) would not want to see this happen: – Trade and taxation issues would arise – Britain would lose and the colonies would profit. This would become a source of tension and distrust.

21. Notes: Taking notes—be sure to only copy key ideas of notes. Be sure to read the text as you do the homework and review past notes. If you miss any notes during the day’s lesson, go to the class page at verdugohs.org and copy anything you need.

22. Early British Colonies p. 21

23. 1600s to 1700s

24. Terms and Names John Smith Englishman Worked for the Virginia Company, – James Town Colony. Ideas of the new venture: – A poor (common) man may make a better life here through hard work. – Nature and liberty give him/her that opportunity

25. Jamestown English colony named for the English king, in 1607. First successful English colony in North America.

26. Joint-stock company Special, private, investors pooled their capital in support of some enterprise. This allowed costly colonial ventures to take place. Goal was profit from colonial activity – Gold – Cash crops Jamestown was funded this way.

27. Indentured servitude English immigrants to America who, for various reasons, signed a multi-year (4-7) contract with someone to work and live in the colonies. – Fare to a new life in the Americas – Working off a debt in England. mostly lower class English.

28. Religion

29. Puritans English Protestant Christian group They wanted to purify, or “reform” all Christian churches in England. “Separatist” Puritans eventually left England and settled in what would be called, Plymouth, in Massachusetts, in 1620. Their “Mayflower Compact” would be a foundation of democratic practice in England’s colonies.

30. John Winthorp Puritan leader Wrote of Puritan’s special position with G-d Duty to make society protecting G-d and His followers. – Taxes for the Puritan church – Puritan men could vote – Laws requiring church attendance

31. Quaker Protestant Christian church group Aka “Society of Friends” – No formal ministers or leaders – Members spoke out when they wanted – Dressed and lived plainly – Did not defer to “superiors” (believed everyone was equal under the eyes of G-d). – Refused to serve in military (kill others). Hated by Anglicans and Puritans in England.

32. Native-Americans

33. King Philip’s War Wampanoag leader, Metacom, rebelled against Massachusetts repression, 1675: – Christian attacks on their religion – Colonists taking their lands using English law After a year, colonists defeated the Wampanoag……

34. Colonial Development

35. William Penn Owed money by King Charles II. Charles gave him land in North America. Insisted it be named after his father, “Pennsylvania” Given private rule (no royal interference). Allowed all men own land and to vote Allowed religious freedom Paid Native-Americans for lost lands

36. mercantilism 16 th century economic practice for a nation to increase its wealth: – Obtaining as much gold and silver as possible (either through pillage or conquest) – Establishing a favorable balance of trade (making more gold (exports) from a trade partner than giving it to them (imports))

37. Navigation Acts Passed by English Parliament in 1651. – No other country could trade with the colonies except through English or colonial shipping – All vessels had to be operated by mostly English crews – Colonies could only export certain products—tobacco, sugar, rice, molasses, and furs. – Almost all goods traded between the colonies and Europe had to pass through an English port Goal was to: – Control as much of the trade profit as possible for British business and crown interests.

38. Other terms to know Repression: The act of putting down (controlling) another’s opinions or lifestyle by force.

39. Charter A document issued by a monarch of other authority creating a public or private corporation or institution.

40. Brief Response In what ways were England’s colonists already developing political and social standards that Americans strive for today?

41. EC: Review, CST, Analytical