1. Period 1 Group D Roman Vocab Emily, Savannah, Nick, Joey, and Austin Pd.1groupDRomanvocab.ppt Punic Wars (all three), Gaius Gracchus, First Triumvirate, Constantine, Edict of Milan, Peter the Apostle, Zealots, Marcus Aurelius, Denarius

2. The 3 Punic Wars Who: Rome and Carthage What: (1) A sea battle turned into a land battle when Rome threw planks across ships and defeated Carthage. (2) Hannibal of Carthage took war elephants and terrorized many, winning the battle at Cannae but being defeated at the battle at Zama. (3) Rome burned Carthage and sold the survivors into slavery. When: (1) 264-241 B.C. (2) 218-202 B.C. (3) 149-146 B.C. Where: (1) Sicily/Mediterranean Sea. (2) Italy. (3) Carthage. Why: (1) Control of the Mediterranean and Sicily. (2) Revenge for the defeat of Carthage in the First Punic War. (3) Romans believed that Carthage was dangerous because of the Second Punic War, where Italy was ravaged by Hannibal. Impact: Rome took control of Sicily and the Mediterranean Sea, giving it access to trade. Citations: "The Romans Create a Republic." Ancient World History- Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littell. 144. Print. Jackson County Oregon - Library - “The Punic Wars: Carthage and the Rise of Roman Power”." Jackson County Oregon - Library - “The Punic Wars: Carthage and the Rise of Roman Power”. Web..

3. Gaius Gracchus Who: Roman tribune who reenacted the agrarian reforms of his brother What: Proposed measures to lessen the power of the senatorial nobility When: 160/153 B.C.-124 B.C. Where: Rome, Italy Why: He supported the poorer citizens of Rome Impact: He got more rights for the poor population of Rome. Citation: “The Roman Empire Brings Change." Ancient World History- Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littell. 146. Print. "Browse Whenintime Timelines." Browse Whenintime Timelines. Web. 10 Dec. 2014..

4. First Triumvirate Who: Julius Ceasar, Crassus, Pompey What: Gained control of Rome When: 60 B.C.-44 B.C. Where: Rome, Italy Impact: Made Rome better by gaining control Citation: “The Roman Empire Brings Change." Ancient World History- Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littell. 147. Print. "Mike Anderson's Ancient History Blog." : Dissecting Rome’s First Triumvirate – Part I. Web. 10 Dec. 2014..

5. Constantine Who: Ruler of Ancient Rome What: Legalized Christianity and let people choose their own religion Where: Rome, Italy When: 285- 337 A.D. Why: During a battle Constantine prayed for help and saw a cross of light in the heavens. Example: Constantine had his soldiers put the Christian cross on their shields. They won and he gave credit to the Christian God. Citation: “The Rise of Christianity." Ancient World History- Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littell. 156-157. Print. "Constantine the Great." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 12 Oct. 2014. Web. 10 Dec. 2014.

6. Edict of Milan Who: Constantine let this edict pass What: Proclamation that permanently established religious toleration in Rome Where: Rome, Italy When: 313 A.D Why: So that the people o Rome could practice Christianity Impact: It allowed people all over Rome to practice Christianity and influenced other religions as well Citation: “The Rise of Christianity." Ancient World History- Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littell. 157. Print. "A Declaration of Tolerance." MercatorNet:. Web. 10 Dec. 2014..

7. Peter the Apostle Who: One of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ, leader of the early Christian church What: Was considered the spokesman for Jesus, gained many followers for the Christian church Where: Throughout Palestine and Syria When: Born around 1 B.C. – 67 A.D. Why: Jesus Christ told Peter and his brother to follow him, so they dropped everything Example: Was a role model for the other Christians to follow and set up a church system Citation: “The Rise of Christianity." Ancient World History- Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littell. 154. Print. "Saints.SQPN.com." SaintsSQPNcom RSS. Web. 10 Dec. 2014..

8. Zealots Who: Judaism members from one of the four groups of the Sandherin What: They wanted to get rid of the Romans and defended the law and the national life of Jewish people Where: Judea and Rome When: 66 A.D. Why: They felt they needed to restore order and protect law/their religion. Example: The rebelled against Rome and wanted to get rid of all Romans Citations: “The Rise of Christianity." Ancient World History- Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littell. 153, 155. Print. "Barabbas." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 12 May 2014. Web. 10 Dec. 2014..

9. Marcus Aurelius Who: Roman Emperor When: 161-180 A.D. Where: Rome, Italy Why: He was the last good roman emperor of Pax Romana Example: He was remembered by his victories over invaders, but he was also a philosopher Citations: “The Roman Empire Brings Change." Ancient World History- Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littell. 150, 165. Print. "If It Happened Yesterday, It's History." If It Happened Yesterday Its History. Web..

10. Denarius Who: The Denarius was first used during Augustus Caesar's rule What: Roman currency was a small coin Where: Rome, Italy When: Developed after the Second Punic War Why: To have scholars deliver coins to roman soldiers for daily pay Impact: A form of currency made trade between parts of the empire easier Citation: “The Roman Empire Brings Change." Ancient World History- Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littell. 148. Print. "Denarius of Antoninus Pius, "CONSECRATIO"" Investigations into the Ancient Mediterranean. Web. 10 Dec. 2014..