1. Week-7 (Lecture-1) Internet Protocols: TCP/IP, Client Server: Protocol: Specification in networking and Communications It defines the procedures to be followed when transmitting and receiving data. Protocols define the format, timing, sequence and error checking used on the network. HTTP- Hypertext Transfer Protocol is the stateless protocol used for data transfer within WWW.

2. Week-7 (Lecture-1) What Is TCP/IP? (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) TCP/IP is used to refer to a group of protocols it related to the following protocols User Datagram Protocol (UDP). File Transfer Protocol (FTP). Terminal Emulation Protocol (TELNET).

3. Week-7 (Lecture-1)

5. Web Protocol and Language: HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) The simple protocol used to transfer a World Wide Web page from one computer to another. A web client opens up a connection to a web server It sends GET PAGENAME to web server Web server sends back the page text (usually HTML) over the connection. HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) Web page markup language. Source form used for documents on WWW HTML embeds commands It determine formatting along with the text. Ex.,,,,

6. Week-7 (Lecture-2) Basic Signal Terminologies Bit- binary digit, either 0 or 1 Baud- one electronic state change per second Bit rate- a method for measuring data transmission speed (bits/second) Mbps- millions of bits per second (data speed; measure of bandwidth = total information flow over a given time) on a telecommunication medium 8 bits = 1 byte 1 GB (gigabytes) = 1024 MB (megabytes) = 1024 Kilobytes = 1024 * 1024 bytes = 1024 * 1024 * 8 bits Teraflops- trillion operations per second Data rate- bits per second Bandwidth- bandwidth or signal in cycles per second or hertz Noise- Average level of noise over the communication path. Error rate- rate at which errors occur where error in 1 or 0 bit occurs

7. Week-7 (Lecture-2) Data Packet: A small, self-contained parcel of data sent across a computer network. Each packet contains a header that identifies the sender and recipient, and a payload area that contains the data being sent. All messages sent on a network such as the Internet are broken into small packets.

8. Week-7 (Lecture-2) Processing of Data packet: When the web server receives this request it will send the web page back to client by breaking it down into smaller parts and sending each part in a packet

9. Week-7 (Lecture-2)