2. klZrdf~rn If]qdf kz'k+IfL ljsf; / k|ljlw cg';/0fsf] jt{dfg cj:yf / cg';Gwfgd'ns ;jfnx? *f= b]j gGbg ;fx If]qLo lgb]{zs If]qLo kz' ;]jf lgb]{zgfno kf]v/f If]qLo:t/ s[lif k|fljlws sfo{;d'x uf]i7L

3. विभिन्न ‘ फेनोमेना ’ मा डिएनएमा क्षति पुग्न सक्छ, जसले वंशाणुमै विकार सिर्जना गर्न सक्छ । अल्ट्राभायोलेट विकिरण र ‘ फ्री रेडिकल ’ भनिने तत्त्वले डिएनएमा क्षति पुर् ‍ याउँछ । हाम्रो शरीरमा दैनिक लाखौँपटक हुने कोषिका विभाजनका वेला पनि डिएनएमा विकार देखिन सक्छ । ‘ चुरोटको धुँवामा साना प्रतिक्रियात्मक रसायन हुन्छन् जसले डिएनएलाई राम्रोसँग विभाजन हुनबाट रोक्छ । यसले क्यान्सरलगायत रोग निम्त्याउन सक्छ,’ प्राध्यापक लिन्दाहले भने, ‘ तर, कोषिकाको एउटा संयन्त्रले हाम्रो वंशाणुगत सूचनाको निरीक्षण र मर्मत गरिरहेको छ । नोबेल विजेता वैज्ञानिकले यो संयन्त्रले कसरी काम गर्छ भन्ने व्याख्या गरेका छन् । डिएनए मर्मतको अध्ययनका लागि नोबेल टोमस लिन्दाह बेलायत

4. 4If]q ;]jfs]Gb| s ;]jfs]Gb v hDdf lxdfnL -@_ @!^!* kxf8L -!!_ #@!@!!%# t/fO{ -#_ !@#^$* hDdf !^ $^!&#@!( klZrdfGrn ljsf; If]qdf ;]jfsf] ;+hfn - @!(_ kbb/jGbLsfo{/t l/Qm /fhkqf+lÍt k|yd 1 ! /fhkqf+lÍt l4lto 17 — /fhkqf+lÍt t[lto 8785 @ /fhkq cg+lÍt k|yd 197170 @& /fhkq cg+lÍt l4lto 126118 * ;jf/L rfns 99 ) sfof{no ;xof]uL 248187 ^! hDdf 685587 (( -!%Ü_ k|fljlws / uf=lj=;=sf] cg'kft M!M@=@ k|fljlws / kz'k+IfL sf] cg'kft M !M$),))) rflxg] k|f= / kz'k+IfLsf] cg'kft M !M!),))) ! uf=lj=;= Ö! K|ffljlws ;]jfsf] kx'rdf j[l4 x'g].

5. qm= ;+=ljj/0fIf]qLosf] hDdfk|ltztt'ngfdf ! s'n If]qkmn -x]_ @(#(*))@)=*@g]kfnsf] @ v]lt of]Uo hldg -x]_ *%(*(^@(=@%klZrdf~rn # v]lt ufl/Psf] hldg -x]_ ^%#*)*&^=)#v]]ltof]Uo hldg $ l/on:6]6 -x]_ $&%&)=%v]ltof]Uo hldg % l;+lrt If]qkmn x] @&(^*!$@=&*v]=ul/Psf] hldg jfx|} dlxgf !)$*@*#&=$*l;+lrt If]qkmn df};dL !&$*%#^@=%@l;+lrt If]qkmn ^ s'n kl/jf/ !)^^#^@!(=^%g]kfn & hg;Vof $(@^&^%!*=^)g]kfn dlxnf @^#$!^*%#=%)klZrdf~rn k'?if @@(@%(&$^=%)klZrdf~rn * lhNnfsf] s'n s[ifs kl/jf/ ;+Vof &&)%)@ ( s[lifdf cfl>t hg;+Vof #@@@&&#^%=$!k= hg;+Vofsf] !) jgsf] If]qkmn -x]_ ((@#$$##=&%klZrdf~rn !! r/g If]q -x]_ &#@)!)@$=(klZrdf~rn e"pkof]u tyf hg;+Vof

6. kz'k+l%sf] laj/)f l;=g + ;"rsx?O{sfO{:yflgopGgthDdfpGgt k|ltzt 1 ufO{;+Vof832025191961102398618.75 (17.80) 2 e}+;L;+Vof890770364985125575529.06 (25.95) 3 afv|f;+Vof2005114641708264682223.90 (21.70) 4 e]*f;+Vof147278103011575796.50 (7.60) 5 a+u'/.;'+u'/;+Vof14918717873832702554.65 (47.10) 6 s'v'/f;+Vof25851906213527879871770.60 (27.10) 7 Rff}/L, ofs, gfs ;+Vof 92181892360.20

7. ljsf; If]qufO{e}+;Le]8fAffv|fA+fu'/ k'jf{Grn@*=*)@#=#)!@=%)@^=^)$(=#% dWofGrn@#=^)@^=@)!!=!)@&=$%!(=&) klZrdfGrn!^=^)@%= @) !&=!)!*=&)!!=!^ dWo klZrdfGrn!*=!)!$=()$^=()!&=*)!%=!@ ;'b/ klZrdfGrn!@=()!)=#@!@=$)(=$)$=^) ljsf; If]q cg';f/ kz'k+l%sf] t'ngfTds laj/)f

8. ljsf; If]qb'wDff;'c08fpg5fnf k'jf{Grn 25=7025=0023=6013=13 dWofGrn 30=4531=8049=0010=27 klZrdfGrn 23=3019=2513=3516=20 dWo klZrdfGrn 11=1015=009=9048=15 ;'b/ klZrdfGrn 9=468=804=1512=25 ljsf; If]q cg';f/ kz'k+l%hGo kbfy{sf] t'ngfTds laj/)f

9. cfxf/fsf] >f]tx? Ü s[lif pk kbfy{^) jg If]q# v]tL of]Uo If]qdf nufPsf] 3f+; !$ ;fj{hlgs r/g If]qaf6@# kz' cfxf/fsf] dfu / cfk'lt{ ljZn]if0f - !(Ü sld_ sf/0fx?  3f+; cfwfl/t kz'kfng - km/]h ldzg_  bfgfsf] k|of]udf a[l4  Unconvention al feeds -ljo/ s6 cflb_ sf] k|of]u klZrdf+rn If]qdf -!(Ü sld_

10. b'w / df;' pknJwtfsf] l:ytL b]z÷If]q k|lt JolQm cfjZostf -s]=hL=_ k|flt JolQm pknAwtf, -s]=hL=_ Al9÷3l6 b" w df;'c08f df;'c08fb"wdf;'c08f g]kfn571448641133®7 ­4­4­4­4 ­ 15 klZrdf+rn571448761122®9 ­4­4­4­4 ­ 26 Eff/t571448637®6 ­7­7­7­7 o; If]qsf] hg;+Vof M $(,@^,&^% -@)^* sf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ _

11. kz' k+IfL af6 pTkflbt dnsf] d'No Source: http://www.paffa.state.pa.us/paffa2/files/specialrecords/manuretable.pdf kz' lsl;ddn pTkfbg 6g÷ - LU_ ÷aif{ k|lt 6g 6g÷ d'No -?= x=_ k|lt -LU_ d'No÷ aif{ -x=_ gjnk/f;Ldf kz' k+IfL ;+Vof aflif{s O{sfO { - LU_ kmofS 6/ O{sfO{ -LU_ aflif{s dnsf] aflif{s d'No ?= x=df aoZs ufO{ e}+;L !@)=%^=^!^)*!#)=*!@*^%)*$()() afR5f af5L kf8fkf8L *=%)=&@^=!!!*&@&)=$$&$()@*(^(( Affv|f e]8f^!=@^&=%@&((#()=!@##%(@@%!($) a+u'/ ;'+u'/!^)=%#*=$%@)!@)=^!#!@)&@@^@!$)$ Aoj=s'v'/f$=%!=#&^=!@)^^)$+))%!)##^#)!# hDdf$,)&,%!$^. $) cj{ eGbf al9 -!^ lhNnf_

12. Use of manure

13. 8«fkm\6 kfj/sf] cfly{s ljZn]if0f hDdf /fuf] uf]?sf] ;+Vof M #!!@* pTkfbgzLn /fuf] tyf uf]?sf] ;+Vof -&) k|=_ M@!&(( hf]8f ;+Vof M !)*($ Aflif{s sfo{lbg M !*) k|lt lbg k|lt hf]8fsf] >dsf] ;/b/ d'No M ?=&)). s'n 8fkm6 kfj/sf] aflif{s d"Nof+sg M !)*($ × !*) × &)) = ?= !,#&,@^,$$,))). ) - !=#& cj{_

14. /f]huf/ k|j4[{g

15. !=! b'w / df;' pBf]usf] ljj/0f qm= ;= ljj/0f pBf]u ;+Vof k;n ;+Vof nufgL ?= xhf/df k|ToIo /f]huf/L ;+Vof nfeflGjt ;+Vof ! 8]/L pBf]u tyf 8]/L k;n ()#!&@%%()(@@!&(%*) @ df;' k|zf]wg s]Gb| tyf df;' k;n &!(!$%#!#(!$%$)(!!@*^ hDdf (&@@#!&*^(*!%$^@!)()*^^ qm=;=;d'x;xsf/L nufgL ?= xhf/df kz'sf] ;+Vof k|ToIo /f]huf/L ;+Vof !!)#)#*$((*&!$@)$!!!)$ !=@ pBdL ;d'x tyf b"Uw ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?

16. !=# ljb]zjf6 kms]{sf kz'kfngdf ;+nUg pWfdL o'jfx?sf] ljj/0f qm=;+ = lhNnf;+Vof nufgL ?= xhf/df pBdLsf] lsl;d k|ToIo /f]huf/L ;+Vof ufO{ kfng e}+l; kfng afv|f kfng a+u'/ kfng e]8fs'v'/f df;' k;n 8]/L k;n !sf:sL89 3125155 13 267 @:ofªhf3072917017 3222 22016 918 #tgx'+475640011 74 25 94 $uf]/vf1856903 62 61 43 %ndh'ª000000 0000 ^dgfª0000000000 &kj{t3636008 20001053108 *afUn'ª332810010 98 4 289 (DofUbL1926388251711282128 379 !)d':tfª1450 123 2 !!kfNkf96240003101629 20 172 !@u'NdL66 81286 10103132 !#c3{vf+rL661952176253 9133137 !$slknj:t'6240033 20 !%?kGb]xL2810301913133 9 60 !^gjnk/f;L168220000125 187 28 500 hDdf115355623227253414972138245112921

17. !=$ lghL kmfd{x?sf] ljj/0f qm =; Kfmfd{sf] gfd ;+Vof kz' ;+Vof NfufgL, ?=xhf/df k|ToIf /f]huf/L !Rf}f/L&@&!@! @ ufO{ e}+;L !(^*^^(*) #ufO{!$)%@*!) $e}+;L!)!%@)#) %e]8f@%%!) ^Affv|f!!^$!&#^ &a+u'/%!!$@& *s'v'/f@&$%!^%! hDDff&@(*@#$)@$@=@!!)!^% b'w, df;' pwf}u, ;xsf/L ;+:yf, ljb]zjf6 kms]{sf o'jf / lghL kmfd{df cfj4 b'w, df;' pwf}u, ;xsf/L ;+:yf, ljb]zjf6 kms]{sf o'jf / lghL kmfd{df cfj4 M!@@$% nufgL M $ ca{ %# s/f]8 #$ nfv $@ xhf/ ?k}of sf/f]jf/M ( ca{ # s/f]8 !@ nfv @# xhf/ ?k}of

18. qm=; += lhNnf hDdf kz' ;+Vof ljldt d'No, lk|ldod z'Ns s[if{sn] lt/]sf] /sd !kj{t!$#&!^(%@=)*$&=^@#(=$% @kfNkf!(*)%)(%^=%@%$&=*@!#%@=&& #DofUbL $slknj:t'()**@!@)=)$!)^=)!)@^=% %afUn'Ë@$%!(^)=)(*=)@&=^* ^u'NdL!!(!$(#=)&$=^%@!=)* &sf:sL#&%(^!*#%(#)(!*&&@(=% *uf]/vf!!)*@*)*$!$)$=@#(^=^* (dgfË !):ofËhf!$%$#%@&!=&%&^=&& !!d':tfË#@!^)(!=%#)$=%&*^=)$ !@c3f{vfrL @(^ &(@$#(^=@ !)^=^ !#ndh'Ë%&)&**%=@*#($=@^(*=^ !$?kGb]xL@)@@&!@%*=**#%^@=($!))^=%# !%gjnk/f;L%#!)$)!!))@))%%^^%=%# !^tgx'+!$(&%^*@%@*$!=@%*)@=^% hDDffM hDDffM!(,&!&!,#%,^$$$ kz' ljdf ljj/0f

19. k|ljlw cg';/0fsf] jt{dfg cj:yf != b'wsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fpg] If]q

20. /fli6«o cy{tGq / kz'kfng u|fld0f cy{tGqsf] d]?b08 / zx/L If]qaf6 u|fld0f If]qdf k'+lh k|jfxsf] dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/ b'w sl/a !) ca{ @) s/f]8 k|lt !) b]lv @) ln6/ b'w b}lgs k|zf]wg eO{ ahfl/s/0f x'+bf ! /f]huf/L ;[hgf x'g] (FAO/ ILRI, 2003). b"wsf] dfu k|lt jif{ *Ü n] a9]sf] kfOG5 eg] pTkfbg j[l4 -cfk'lt{_ b/ s]an %Ü sf] xf/fxf/Ldf dfq 5. lb3{sflng s[lif of]hgf -!((%–@)!%_ n] k|ltjif{ b"Uw If]qsf] j[l4b/ &Ü x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf b]vfPtfklg cfwf/jif{ -!((%_b]lv jt{dfg;Ddsf] pTkfbgsf] j[l4b/nfO{ x]bf{ of] s]jn $Ü dfq x'g cfpFb5

21. k|ljlw cg';/0fsf] jt{dfg cj:yf ufO{ e}+;L ;DalGw Dffp d/]sf] kf8fkf8L jf afR5f afR5LnfO{ b'w dfq} x}g df]xL v'jfP/ klg x'sf{pg ;lsg] b]lvPsf]5, ufO{ e+};LnfO{ ule{0fL cj:yfsf] clGtd @ dlxgfdf $=% s]=hL=;Gt'lnt bfgf s[ifsx?nfO{ cfly{s ?kn] lgs} kmfO{bfhgs b]lvPsf]5, ufO{ e}+;Lx?nfO{ ;fbf k/fn v'jfpg' eGbf $ k|ltzt o"l/ofsf] emf]nn] k/fnnfO{ pkrf/ u/L v'jfPdf k/fnsf] kf]ifs tTjdf a[l4 x'g uO{ ufO{ tyf e}+;Lsf] b'w pTkfbgdf /fd|} j[l4 ePsf] kfO{Psf]5.

22. k|ljlw cg';/0fsf] jt{dfg=========== b}lgs Pp6f ufO{nfO{ %) u|fd Mineral Mixture / @) u|fdn] vfg] g'g # dlxgf;Dd lbPdf ufO{x? Ct'sfndf cfpg] ;Defjgf lgs} al9 b]lvPsf]5, e};LnfO{ vfg] g'g ldl;Psf] ldg/n ldS:r/ k|lt lbg ^^ u|fdsf] b/n] b}lgs ?kdf vf]n]df ld;fO{ v'jfPdf b'w pTkfbg /fd|} ;+u j[l4 ePsf] kfO{G5, af5faf5L tyf kf8fkf8Lx?nfO{ hlGdPsf] !% lbg, $% lbg tyf &% lbgsf] pd]/df uf]nf] h'sf lj?åsf] cf}ifwL v'jfPdf zfl//Ls j[l4 ePsf] kfO{Psf] 5, gfDn] cf}ifwL ufO{ e}+;Ldf dfw–kmfNu'g / cflZjg–sflt{sdf v'jfpg,]

23. k|ljlw cg';/0fsf] jt{dfg=========== ufO{sf] gZn ;'wf/ h;L{ qm; - %) b]lv &% k|ltzt_ al9 b'w pTkfbgsf] nflu pko'Qm dflgPsf]5, ;wg Joj:yfkg k4tLsf] nflu xf]n:6Lg k|mLl;og kfng 5gf}6 pko'Qm,

24. pGgt ufO{x?nfO{ b'w b'lx;s]kl5 ufO{x?sf] y'gdf lgoldt ?kn] kf]lel8g cfof]l8gdf 8'jfpgfn] y'g]nf] /f]u &) k|ltzt lgoGq0f ePsf] kfO{G5.

25. k|ljlw Kofs]h cg';/0f - Technological Package _ ufO{ e}+;Ljf6 k|lt j]t ;/b/ !%)) ln6/sf b/n] b'wsf] pTkfbg ePdf of] sfo{qmdjf6 @)–#) % n] j[l4 x'g] M ;dodf k/hLjL lj?4 cf}ifwL ug]{, ;+qmfds /f]usf] lj?4df vf]k nufpg], y'g rf]Kg], UMMB, jfx|} dlxgf xl/of] 3fF;sf] Joj:yf ;d]t ldnfO{ b'wsf] pTkfbg nfut 36fpg] sfo{df ;d]t of]ubfg k'Ug uO{ s[ifsx?nfO{ b'w pTkfbgjf6 pNn]vlgo kmfobf x'g hfg] b]lvG5 -8f=ef]h/fh hf]zL / ef]nfz+s/ >]i7_.

26. afv|f ;DalGw  g]kfnsf sl/a % Ü s[ifs kl/jf/n] afv|f kfn]sf 5g. s'n df;' pTkfbgsf pTkfbgsf] @) Ü efu cf]u6b} GDP sf] !@Ü lx:;f afv|fsf] df;'n] cf]u6]sf] 5.  lxdfnL If]qdf pTkfbg x'g] Rofªu|fsf] kZdLgfaf6 ag]sf a:t'x?af6 g]kfnsf kZdLgf pBf]un] 7'nf] cfocfh{g ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf j9L ePsf]n] lxdfnL e]sdf Rofªu|f ljsf;sf] gLlt lng' kg]{ cfjZostf k|i6 b]lvG5. @= df;'sf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj a9fpg] If]q @=! e]8f afv|f ;DalGw

27. afv|f ;DalGw  v/L afv|fsf] pko'Qm 5gf}6 ljwL ckgfO{Pdf v;Lsf] df;'df ^) k|ltzt ;Dd a9g ;Sg]  v/L afv|df klxnf]k6s Jofpg] pd]/ / Jofpg] cGt/fn ;jeGbf 5f]6f] x'G5 -kfv|Ljf;sf] cWoog_ Af]fo/ afv|fM !((( g]kfndf lghL If]qjf6 lelqPsf] c? gZnsf] b}lgs tf}n a[l4 $) b]lv ^^ u|fd Aff]o/ / c?sf] qm;sf] b}lgs tf}n a[l4 *& b]vL !%) u|fd Af]fo/ afv|fsf] b}lgs tf}n a[l4 !*) b]lv @)) u|fd - zDe' axfb'/ kf08], @))*_ pRr kxf8sf Rofªu|fjf6 !$ b]vL !* dfOqmf]g sf] klZdgf pTkfbg x'g] h;sf] d'No k|tL s]=hL= $^))).) 5.

28. e]8f g]kfndf e]8f tyf e]8f kfnssf] ;+Vof w6\bf] cj:yf ljutdf Fine pg pTkfbg ug]{ ;/sf/L sfo{qmd rn]sf] eP klg xfn e]8f ;DalGw cg'‘;Gwfg sdL %) k|ltzt a?jfn / @% k|ltzt af]8{/ n]l;:6/ qm;sf] Adaptability /fd|f] 5 -n'Dnsf] cWoog_. Nffdk'5]{| t/fO{, sfu] tNnf] kxf8df b]ze/L, a?jfn dWo kxf8df b]ze/L / Eofun'ª pRr kxf8df kflng] hftx? X'g.

29. k|ljlw cg';/0fsf] jt{dfg sl/j !* dlxgfsf] pd]/df v;L a]Rg pko'Qm x'g] tYo cg';Gwfgn] k'li6 u/]sf] 5 / of] hftsf] s[ifs :t/df k'¥ofpg k5{. 5

30.  @=@ a+u'/ Hfghflt / cflbaf;Ldf a+u'/kfng k|l;4 eP klg of] Aoa;fo qmdzM cGo ;d]tn] Aofa;flos ?kn] kfNg yfn]sf] 5. Jf+u'/sf] hft h:t}M h+unL aFb]n, x'/f{, afDfk'8s], RjfFr], kfv|Laf; sfnf] a+u'/, w/fg] sfnf] a+u'/ cflb. hDdf a+u'/sf] ;+Vof # nfv @& xhf/, aflif{s j[l4b/ @=) k|ltzt /x]sf]5, Jofj;flos a+u'/kfng u/L clwsdfqfdf cfo cfh{g ug{ rfxg]x?sf nflu a9L dfqfdf kfng ul/g] ljb]zL hfltdf of]s{zfo/, Nof08/]z, XofDkzfo/, 8\o'/f]s, ltAAftL, 6\ofdjy{ / ldzfg tyf ltgsf j0f{z+s/x? x'g\.

31. lasf; If]q cg';f/ a+u'/kfng % !% !! @) $(

32. a+u'/nfO{ la|j]o/- Brewering _ sf] Residues %) k|ltzt v'jfpbf /fd|f] ;fl/l/s j[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5.

33. k|ljlw cg';/0fsf] jt{dfg=========== 3fF; ;DalGw h} 3fF;df sf]z] 3fF;sf] jLp ;d]t ldnfP/ 5bf{ x'G5. o;sf] nflu # s]=hL= h} / @ s]=hL= e]r tyf s]/fp ldnfP/ 5bf{ /fd|f] x'g5. s[lif jg k|0ffnL cGtu{t ax'pkof]uL ?vx? h:t} 6fFsL, lsDa', Olkn Olkn / a8x/ s[ifsx?n] k|of]udf Nofpg] u/]sf],

34. kz'wgdf /f]usf] cj:yf, k=/f]=lg=k|=jf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bg 1.Cattle/Buffalo The Downer Cow Syndrome Cattle usually following hypocalcaemia parturient paresis Monitoring the blood mineral status is an important part of downer cow management FMD- Type O Mastitis- 65 % Sub Clinical, Bacteria belongs to Staphylococcus, Streptococcus,E.coli, Fungal 2. afv|f / e]8fM lk=lk=cf/ / gfDn] 3. a+u'/M Clasical Swine Fever, FMD $= s'v'/fM E.coli, IBD, Mycoplasma, Salmonella Sub Clinical

35. cg';Gwfgd'ns ;afnx? (Researchable issues)

36. cg';Gwfgd'ns ;afnx? ufO{ e}+;L ;DalGw  Cost production of fattening male buffalo in forage based feeding (Lamjung)  pGgt ufO{ e};Ldf pN6L/xg] ;d:of ;fy} &@ 306f ;Dd lx6df /xL/xg] -gjnk/f;L_ Retention of placenta in Buffalo (Baglung) Prolapse of vagina before parturition (Syangja) DCIP / BGIP af6 hlGdPsf afR5faflR5sf] performance sf] cg'udg / cWoog

37. e]8f afv|f ;DalGw :yflgo Rof~u|fdf Genetic Resource Analysis(Mustang) lxpFsf] j]nf $ dlxgf ;Dd cfxf/fsf] sdLn] pTkfbg kg]{ c;/ / To;sf] lg/fs/0f jf/] cWoog Xf8gftfsf] ;DaGwsf] c;/ jf/] cWoog e]8fsf ] 3'DtL uf]7df ;f]nf/sf] c;/ af/] cWoog cg';Gwfg. NTIS sf] k|fyldstf k|fKt klZdgf j[l4sf] nflu :jf:Yo, cfxf/f / gZn ;'wf/sf] kIfdf k|fljlwsf] sdL Study on Acute Fasciolosis of Sheep in Migratory Flocks.

38. a+u'/ ;DalGw z'?sf] pd]/df kf7fkf7Lx? 5]]/]/ dg]{ u/]sf] jf/] cWoog - Mortality in Early Piglets in Commercial Pig Farm)

39. cg';Gwfgd'ns ;afnx? kz' cfxf/f If]q Rf'/f agfpg' clw wfg lehfpbf kfgL dfyL plt{Psf wfgsf] e'; -99fNg'_ sf] k|of]u / To;sf] kfrg lqmofdf c;/ jf/] cWoog-gjnk/f;L_  tNnf] j]N6df jlif{d 3f+; v]tL -DofUbL_  u|fld0f If]qsf a+u'/kfng s[ifsx?sf] nflu Non Conventional Feed ( hns'GeL, z+s]ls/f, lrkmn]ls/f, jsfO{gf]sf] bfgf_ cfbL sf] ;Defjgf af/] cg';Gwfg.  Affx|} dlxgf xl/of] 3fF; pTkfbg k4tL jf/] hfgsf/L

40. qmd; ====== lxdfnL If]qsf] :yfgLo 3fF;x? sf]t], j'sL / l9DrLsf] Nutritive Value sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg. Glycine / Butterfly pea ds} afnL leq 3';'jf jfnLsf] ?kdf v]tL ubf{ pTkfbgdf kg]{ c;/ af/] cWoog cg';Gwfg. :6fO{nf] 3fF;df cfn'kft] emf/ / Anthracnose /f]u jf/] cWoog cg';Gwfg. jl;{d 3fF;sf] ljp pTkfbg ;DjlGw cWoog -slknj:t'_

41. kz' gZn ;DjlGw - Animal Breeding _ A Study on Libido of Breeding Buffalo Bulls in Kaski Districts Effect of Environmental & Nutritional Parameters on Quality of Bull Semen at NLBC Pokhara Comparative Study of Plant & Animal based Semen Extender (Egg yolk vs soya based) in Quality of Bull Semen used at NLBC Pokhara Effect of Micronutrient on Bull Semen Quality Study on Economic Impact of Artificial Insemination in Farmers Field Level.

42. :6fO{nf] 3fF;df cfn'kft] emf/-gjnk/f;L_

44. ;fdflhs / cfly{s If]q Economic value of Bovine urine used as Nirtrogen fertilizer (Arghakhanchi) Assessment of slopping land cultivation practices in livestock (Arghakhanchi) Performance of Hurra and Sakini (Nawalparasi)

45. hnjfo' kl/j{tgsf ;jfn hnjfo' kl/j{tgaf6 kz' kfngdf kg]{ k|efj af/] cg';Gwfg. kz'x?jf6 pTkfbg Carbon Emission Go"lgs/0f ug]{ pkfo af/] cg';Gwfg. Carbon Emission df 8fn] 3fF; / e'O{ 3fF;sf] k|efj af/] cg';Gwfg. kl/jtL{t hnjfo'n] :yfgLo hftsf kz'a:t'x?sf] Adoption sf] cj:yf af/] cg';Gwfg. hnjfo' kl/jt{gjf6 ljleGg 3fF;sf] nufpg] ;dosf] kl/jt{g jf/] cg';Gwfg

46. cg';Gwfgd'ns ;d:ofx?sf] cg';Gwfg 3'DtL e]+8fafv|fdf kf7fkf7Lsf] pRr d[To'b/sf] sf/0f / ;dfwfgsf pkfox?sf] vf]lh x'g' kg]{. n'n' ufO{sf] ;+/If0f tyf pTkfbg Ifdtf cWoog u/Lg' kg]{. pRr kxf8L lhNnf -dgfË, d':tfË, DofUbL, ndh'ª / uf]/vf_

47. dWo kxf8L lhNnfx? -afUn'ª, kj{t, sf:sL, tgx'F, kfNkf, c3f{vfFrL, u'NdL / :ofËhf_ gof leqLPsf #f+;sf hftx? Ujf^]dfnf, df]nf^f], kf:kfnd, ;'Djfl;^]l/of cfbLsf] Nutritive value and Biomass Production sf] cWoog x'g' kg ]{. d]G8'nf 3+f;sf] Nutritive and anti-nutritive value analysis ul/g' kg]{. cg';Gwfgd'ns ;d:ofx?sf] cg';Gwfg=========

48. h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If)f nf]kf]Gd'v kz'k+IfLsf] ;+/If)f, ;+j${g / k|j${g sfo{s|ddf ;dGjo / ;xeflutf nfDk'R%]| e]*f, afdk'*\s] a+u'/, ufO{ tyf e}+;L cfbL

49. nfdk'R%/] e]*fM ltnf}/fsf]^ 58 e]8f kfNg] u8l/of kl/jf/ nfDk'R5/] e]+8f ;+VofM 11,113

50. x'/f{sf] dfu a9b} ==========

51. n'n' ufO{ ljsf;df hf]8 lbg]

52. cli6|r kfngsf] qmddf ;]tf] 5]g]{

53. lasl;t k|lawL lasf;sf nflu ul/Psf kxnx?  If]qLo :t/df ;ldIff uf]li7  If]qLo :t/df k|flalws cGt/lqmof -cg';Gwfg af6 k|fKt glthfx?sf] hfgsf/L _  laifo laz]if1x/sf] cGt/lqmof  If]qLo :t/df ;dGjo ;ldtLsf] a}7s  ;+o'Qm cg'udg Pa+ lgl/If0f - If]=s[=lg=.If]=k=;]=lg=, cg';Gwfg, lh=s[=la=sf. lh=k=;]=sf _  lh=k=;]=sf=x?af6 cg;Gwfg s]Gb| ;+u ;dGjo u/L sfo{qmd ;+rfng tyf gof k|lalwx?sf] af/]df s[ifs :t/ ;Dd k|;f/

54. Kff]v/f l:yt a++u'/ / s'v'/f kmfd{sf] h}ljs ;'/Iff h}ljs ;'/Iff M vfw ;'/IffM ;fndf]g]nf]l;;, O{=sf]nfO /;folgs j:t'sf] k|of]ujf6 ePsf cjz]ifM PlG6jfof]l6s, k]l:6;fO{8 kz' /f]uM vf]/]t -/f]usf] ;+s|d0f x'g' eGbf cufj} ckgfpg' kg]{ /f]syfdsf ljlwnfO{ h}ljs ;'/Iff_

55. h}ljs ;'/Iff Joj:yfkgsf pkfox? -:j:yos/ kz'k+IfLhGo kbfy{ pkef]usf] nfuL_

56. s] xfdL o:tf] 3fF; ljsf;sf] kl/sNkgf ug{ ;lsG5