1. The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania Petru Adrian Mircea, Cluj-Napoca Viorela Enăchescu, Craiova Romania Euroson, Stuttgart 2013

2. The first device and the first users (1968) The pioneers (1975 - 1985) Development of the human resource - centers for professional performance and education (after 1985) Romanian Society of Ultrasonography in Medicine and Biology (1997) What do we have done / what we intend to do The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

3. THE BEGININGS National context the need to extend the diagnostic option offered by standard X-rays for a long time, the absence of superior Rx equipment (CT) The human factor several radiologists and non-radiologists who foresaw the future of diagnostic ultrasound Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

4. Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 Bucharest 1975 Rm.Valcea 1976 Cluj-Napoca 1977 Iasi 1980 Galati 1980 Constanta 1980 Baia Mare 1981 Timisoara Craiova Sibiu Tg.Mures Arad Oradea 1990-92 - first Color Doppler equipments 1998 - first 3 D equipments2008 - first CEUS equipments The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

5. The first devices - the first users 1968 - Bucharest - A mode US machine (Ob-Gyn) 1975 - Bucharest (Gh.Jovin) - Picker B static, bistable US 1977 - Cluj-Napoca (R.Negulescu) - Siemens Vidoson, B real-time, gray scale US (Ob-Gyn) 1978 - Cluj-Napoca (Gh.Badea) - Brüel & Kjær, static B mode, then B real-time, grey scale US 1983-85 - first real-time B mode machines in many centers Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

6. The pioneers (1975-1980) Gheorghe Jovin (Bucharest) & Gheorghe Badea (Cluj) Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 * * The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

7. The pioneers (1975-1980) Gheorghe Jovin (Bucharest) & Gheorghe Badea (Cluj) they promoted ultrasound and did not limit the access of physicians from different specialties to it they stimulated and attracted young collaborators they initiated the first teaching courses for doctors (Bucharest, Cluj.... Iasi) in 1977 ( !) – US symposium – clinical applications (initial experience) in 1981 (!) – the first US Consensus meeting - in Timisoara (heart, abdomen, ob-gyn, breast, thyroid, eye) Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

8. The development of the technique and consensus of the professionals Conditions specific to Romania −open access to US, allowing it to be used by radiologists, as well as doctors from other specialties −the utility of the method was obvious : for ~ 10 years there were only 2 CT’s available… In consequence −more recognition for the utility of the technique −more centers −more passionate practitioners Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

9. The development of the technique and consensus of the professionals Rapidly acquiring experience −first solid scientific meetings (Prof. Al.Oproiu, Bucharest) −the first structured models of traning in abdominal US, ob-gyn and echocardiography - before 1990 −the first textbooks (1980-1984) −a group of young and enthusiatic doctors practicing ultrasonography around the two extraordinary leaders - Prof. Gh. Jovin & Prof. Gh. Badea Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

10. The development of the technique and consensus of the professionals the first textbooks (1980-1984) 1980 1982 1984 Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

11. The certificate of competence in general US Centers of performance after 1990 - the national program of training 2 modules of 6 week each (lectures and hands-on) centers 1990-95 - Bucharest - Gh. Jovin, D. Stanescu, A. Pop, A. Costache 1990-92 - Iai - C. Stanciu, C. Daniil 1990-92 - Cluj-Napoca - Gh.Badea+R.Badea, A.Valeanu+S.Dudea, PA Mircea 1992 - Tg. Mure - Ana Bratu 1993 - Craiova - V. Enachescu, D. Camen 1993 - Timioara - Ioan Sporea, Gh. Gluhovschi 1991 - first national exam ! Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

12. Leading training centers with international recognition 1996 - Cluj –Center for Education and Research in Ultrasound (CECUS) Cluj - R. Badea, S. Dudea affiliated to the Jefferson Ultrasound Research and Education Institute JUREI - Philadelphia 2007 - Timioara –Center of Excellence of WFUMB - Timisoara - I. Sporea and coll Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

13. The Romanian Society for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (SRUMB)1997 foundation of SRUMB - Cluj, 5 December 1997 tasks –promoting the method, –education and training coordination, certificate examination –grading of members on 3 levels of competence : basic, advanced, expert –scientific meeting organization, ultrasound journal management 1999 SRUMB becomes affiliated to EFSUMB –and I. Sporea, R. Badea and A. Saftoiu become members of the EFSUMB board today - SRUMB has about 450 members Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

14. Scientific meetings 1998 - First national conference of ultrasound - Cluj 2000 - First national congress of ultrasound - Bucharest –afterwards - annual national meeting with 300 - 700 participants (on average 500) 2001 - First Euroson School course - Timisoara –afterwards - 2 - 8 annual courses, benefiting from the participation of EFSUMB experts and/or national experts (endorsed courses) 2008 - European Congress of Ultrasound EUROSON - Timisoara Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

15. The Journal of Ultrasound 1999 –Revista Romana de Ultrasonografie (Romanian) 2008 –Medical Ultrasonography (English) 2010 –Medical Ultrasonography is listed in PubMed ! Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

16. Books, textbooks - the most important texts 1984 2000-2006 2004 2009 20122012 2012 Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

17. Our achievements a complex specialized training system, ranging from basic training to highly specialized techniques a national examination awarding a certificate of competence in general ultrasound based on solid criteria strong research centers in every university a rich contribution to publishing in "Medical Ultrasonography" and in important international imaging journals a strong relationship with EFUMB and implementing the levels of competence on a national level Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

18. Our achievements national events and meetings with ever higher quality standards a series of workshops and specialized training courses (breast, musculoskeletal, contrast, elastography, 3D) a strong and influential professional society, a family of friends and diagnostic ultrasound enthusiasts Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

19. Our goals high training standards strict and selective national certificate examinations better research consistency and international impact constant and active presence in European (EFSUMB) and world (WFUMB, WINFOCUS) organizations promoting US as the ideal tool to accompany the day-to- day medical practice promoting US as a teaching instrument Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 The history of diagnostic ultrasound in Romania

20. Euroson, Stuttgart 2013 Thank you ! Thank you !