1. The Medieval Church

2. The Medieval Church (Secular = Worldly) spiritual political social

3. Masses in Latin Masses in Latin limited understanding of church rituals limited understanding of church rituals Priests poorly educated Priests poorly educated Few worshipers could read or write (illiterate) Few worshipers could read or write (illiterate) Most knowledge came from statues, paintings and stained glass windows. Most knowledge came from statues, paintings and stained glass windows.

5. Benedict’s Rule 520 AD: Benedict founded a monastery at Monte Cassino in Italy 520 AD: Benedict founded a monastery at Monte Cassino in Italy Became a model for monks in other communities Became a model for monks in other communities List of rules that provided for manual work, meditation and prayer. List of rules that provided for manual work, meditation and prayer. Monks could not own goods, must never marry and were bound to obey monastic laws. Monks could not own goods, must never marry and were bound to obey monastic laws. Life of poverty, chastity and obedience. Life of poverty, chastity and obedience.

6. Monastic Life Simple robes Simple robes 1-2 plain meals a day 1-2 plain meals a day Rule of silence Rule of silence Meditate during meals Meditate during meals Nuns lived in monasteries as well Nuns lived in monasteries as well Preserved ancient religious works Preserved ancient religious works Schools for the young, hospitals for the sick, food for the needy and guest houses for the weary travelers Schools for the young, hospitals for the sick, food for the needy and guest houses for the weary travelers

7. Back to………

8. Missionary Efforts Pope Gregory I – adopted Benedictine Rule Pope Gregory I – adopted Benedictine Rule Raised an army Raised an army Repaired Roads Repaired Roads Negotiated Peace Treaties Negotiated Peace TreatiesGoal: – missionaries to different countries to spread the Christian ideologies Martyrs – many killed. Martyrs – many killed. By mid- 1000s, most western Europeans were Catholics. By mid- 1000s, most western Europeans were Catholics.

9. The Power & the Corruption Catholic Church helped govern western Europe Catholic Church helped govern western Europe Most bishops were nobles Most bishops were nobles Feudal ties boosted Church’s wealth and political power Feudal ties boosted Church’s wealth and political power – Donations of land and money Appointed relatives as bishops or abbots Appointed relatives as bishops or abbots

10. The Dark Ages One group manages to become dominant for a time with the help of the Church: One group manages to become dominant for a time with the help of the Church: The Franks The Franks

11. The Dark Ages Charles Martel: Charles Martel: Military leader Military leader Expanded Frank’s lands Expanded Frank’s lands Defeated Muslim army at Battle of Tours Defeated Muslim army at Battle of Tours

13. The Dark Ages Pepin: Pepin: Charles son Charles son Conspired with Pope to become king Conspired with Pope to become king Founded Carolingian Dynasty Founded Carolingian Dynasty

14. The Dark Ages Charlemagne: Charlemagne: 742-814 742-814 Pepin’s son Pepin’s son

15. The Dark Ages Charlemagne: Charlemagne: Empire exceeds Byzantine in size Empire exceeds Byzantine in size Crushed a mob in Rome for Pope Crushed a mob in Rome for Pope Pope names him Holy Roman Emperor Pope names him Holy Roman Emperor

16. The Dark Ages

17. The Need for Reform 900s call for reform 900s call for reform – free church from control of feudal lords 1059 AD –Pope elected by a conclave of cardinals (not lords)1059 AD –Pope elected by a conclave of cardinals (not lords) Pope Innocent III,Pope Innocent III, condemned drunkenness, feasting and dancing among the clergy.condemned drunkenness, feasting and dancing among the clergy. Strict rules on heresyStrict rules on heresy the denial of basic church teachingsthe denial of basic church teachings Threaten heretics with excommunicationThreaten heretics with excommunication expulsion form the Church expulsion form the Church

18. The Inquisition A court set up in 1232, to seek out and punish people suspected of heresy Accusations without sufficient proof; sometimes tortured to obtain confessions Welcomed back those who repented – punished those who did not repent. (imprisonment, loss of property or execution)

21. Everyday Life -some priest run churches -taxes to the church (tithe) -attend village churches Power of Church -Pope lead Roman Catholic -own laws & courts -excommunication Nuns & Monks -set up housing, hospitals & schools for sick + poor -some missionaries -some preserve learning Reform -Church becomes rich & powerful -some clergy corrupt -some try to make changes

22. Exit AP Question

23. Which of the following social services was not provided by monasteries? A) inns, refuges, orphanages. B) banks, shops, factories. C) schools. D) medical care. E) libraries and scriptoria.