1. mosquitoes infections bullies illnesses pimples insect pests diseases weeds rats snails

2. Pest Management Key Check 7: No significant yield loss due to pests Part 1: Understanding the PalayCheck System

3. Source of Photos: IRRI A B C What do you observe? Blast damage Bug damage Rat damage What possible effects will A, B, and C give on yield? To the farmer?

4. IMPORTANCE OF KEY CHECK 7 KNOW how the rice crop interacts with the biotic factors, agro-ecosystem, & the crop management system; and CORRECTLY identify pest & apply ICM ( i.e. resistant variety; date & method of crop establishment; fertilizer & water management; & pesticide use) High quality seeds or grains Uniform grain size No seed- borne pests Less weed mixture No discolo- ration Key Check 7: No significant yield loss due to pests.

5.  No significant yield loss due to pests such as insects, diseases, weeds, rats, snails, and birds.  Significant damage occurs when one or more pests cause damage. ASSESSMENT OF KEY CHECK 7 H W? Assessing damage

7. ASSESSMENT OF KEY CHECK 7 There is significant yield loss if… ≥ 10% of the area has missing or snail-damaged hills at 14 DAT or DAS SNAILS

8. ASSESSMENT OF KEY CHECK 7 ≥ 5% of the area has damaged tillers from maximum tillering to maturity There is significant yield loss if… RATS

9. ASSESSMENT OF KEY CHECK 7 ≥ 10% of the area has weeds at 15 and/or 30 DAT or DAS There is significant yield loss if… WEEDS BIRDS: ≥ 5% of the area has damaged panicles

10. Assessment of KEY CHECK 7 ≥ 5 egg- masses/m 2 (nursery/seedbed) ≥ 1 egg- mass/m 2 (mid to max tillering/EPI) ≥ 30% deadheart (early tillering) ≥ 20% whitehead (flowering to maturity) Stem borer

11. none (nursery/seedbed) ≥ 10 (nymph & adult); ≥ 20% deadheart (early tillering) ≥ 20 (nymph & adult); ≥ 30% deadheart (mid-max tillering/EPI) ≥ 20 (nymph & adult); ≥ 20% whitehead (flowering to grain filling) ≥ 20% whitehead (maturity) Rice Black Bug Assessment of KEY CHECK 7

12. none (nursery/seedbed) ≥ 25 all stages of insect/hill (early tillering) ≥ 50 all stages of insect/hill (mid-tillering to flowering) tolerable (milk stage-maturity) Assessment of KEY CHECK 7 Brown/White-backed Planthopper

13. none (nursery/seedbed to EPI) negligible (flowering) (milk stage) ≥ 5 (nymph & adult)/m 2 (grain filling) ≥ 10 (nymph & adult)/m 2 tolerable (maturity) Assessment of KEY CHECK 7 Rice Bug

14. none (nursery/seedbed ) (early tillering) ≥ 30% of field infected (mid-tillering to milking stage) ≥ 50% of field w/ BS (grain filling to maturity) ≥ 75% of field w/ BS & 10% unfilled grains Assessment of KEY CHECK 7 Brown Spot

15. (nursery/seedbed to early tillering ) (mid to max tillering) ≥ 30% of field w/ LB (milking stage to maturity) ≥ 10% of field w/ PB ≥ 20% of seedbed, field w/ LB (flowering) ≥ 10% of field w/ neck blast Assessment of KEY CHECK 7 Leaf/Panicle Blast

16. (nursery/seedbed to early tillering ) (mid-tillering to milking stage) ≥ 40% of field w/ ShB none to negligible (grain filling to maturity) ≥ 40% of field w/ ShB & ≥10% of unfilled grains Assessment of KEY CHECK 7 Sheath Blight

17. (nursery/seedbed to early tillering ) (mid-tillering to maturity) ≥ 30% of field w/ BLB seen on flag leaf (flowering); with w/ undeveloped spikelets negligible Assessment of KEY CHECK 7 Bacterial Leaf Blight

18. (nursery/seedbed) (flowering to maturity) tolerable none (early tillering) ≥ 20% of field w/ RT (mid to max tillering) ≥ 40% of field w/ RT Assessment of KEY CHECK 7 Rice Tungro

19. In general, here’s how the pests are at every growth stage … Source: IRRI

30. Recommendations to Achieve KEY CHECK 7  Use varieties resistant to pests prevalent in the locality Mestiso 19 is resistant to whiteheads  Adopt a synchronous planting scheme after 1-month fallow period in the locality

31.  Conserve beneficial organisms  Conduct regular field monitoring to identify potential pests Recommendations to Achieve KEY CHECK 7

32.  Rats: practice timely, integrated, & sustained community-wide control  GAS: keep field saturated during early vegetative stage; construct small canals and place attractants to facilitate snail collection; place wire/bamboo screen at water in/outlets to prevent field entry  Weeds: control within 30 DAT or 40 DAS; proper land prep & water mgt; use high quality seeds Management Options for RATS, GOLDEN APPLE SNAILS, & WEEDS

33.  Insect pests: Do not spray against defoliators w/in the first 30 DAT or 40 DAS  Diseases: Diagnose correctly & practice field sanitation  Insect pests & diseases: Avoid too much fertilizer application, 3 croppings/yr or short turnaround time, & unnecessary use of pesticides  Birds: scaring away birds is the only practical solution to manage them Management Options for INSECT PESTS, DISEASES, & BIRDS

34. INPUT Use varieties resistant to pests in the locality Practice synchronous planting Conserve beneficial organisms Conduct regular field monitoring OUTPUT No significant yield loss due to pests No significant damage due to pests OUTCOME Good grain quality High yield High profit Minimal damage to environment

35. Pest Management Key Check 7: No significant yield loss due to pests

36. CREDITS Instructional presentation designer: Dr. Karen Eloisa Barroga Sources of technical content/reviewers of presentation: Mrs. Anita Antonio, Mr. Genaro Rillon Note: Adapted from a powerpoint presentation developed by: You may use, remix, tweak, For more information, visit: & build upon this presentation non-commercially. However, always use with acknowledgment. Unless otherwise stated, the names listed are PhilRice staffers. Produced in 2011. Text: 0920-911-1398