2. 10.4 SLAVERY AND SECESSION BY: CAMANI, CHRIS, MUZZY, RICKY

3. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS I.DRED SCOTT DECISION a) In 1856 there was a Supreme Court case that concerned Dred Scott 1)He claimed that he had become free by living in free territory for several years. b)Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger B. Taney handed down the decision. 2)He said that slaves didn’t have the right to be citizens. 3)He also said that Missouri compromise was unconstitutional

4. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS. (CONT.) II.THE LECOMPTON CONSTITUTION a.In fall 1857, the proslavery government at Lecompton, Kansas, wrote a constitution and applied for admission to the Union. 1.The Free-Soilers rejected the proposed Constitution but, President Buchanan approved it. b.President Buchanan’s decision angers Stephen A. Douglas 1.Douglas persuaded Congress to have another referendum of the Constitution 2.The Constitution is rejected again. Northerners are happy

5. LINCOLN-DOUGLAS DEBATES I.Lincoln Challenges Douglas a.Lincoln challenged Douglas to a series of seven open-air debates to be held throughout Illinois on the issue of slavery. II.Positions and Arguments a.Douglas believed that popular sovereignty would allow slavery to pass away on its own, while Lincoln doubted that slavery would cease to spread without legislation outlawing it in the territories

6. LINCOLN-DOUGLAS DEBATES(CONT.) III.The Freeport Doctrine a.In their second debate, held at Freeport, Lincoln asked his opponent a crucial question. b.Could the settlers of a territory vote to exclude slavery before the territory became a state? c.Douglas’s response to Lincoln’s question became later known as the Freeport Doctrine. d.He said ““Slavery cannot exist a day or an hour unless it is supported by local police regulations.”

7. PASSIONS IGNITE I.Harper’s Ferry a.John Brown studied slave uprisings in ancient Rome and in Haiti. b.He believed that the time was ripe for similar uprisings in the United States 1.He secretly obtained financial backing from several prominent Northern abolitionists 2.On October 16, 1859 he led a band of 21 men, black and white, into Harpers Ferry, Virginia c.Sixty of the town’s prominent citizens were held hostage by Brown who hoped that their slaves would then join the insurrection. 1.But no slaves came 2.It went badly for John, the local troops killed 8 and then the Marines killed 2 and took the rest hostage. 3.John was turned over to the state for treason

8. PASSIONS IGNITE(CONT.) II.John Brown’s Hanging a.On December 2, 1859, Brown was hanged for high treason in the presence of federal troops and a crowd of curious observers. b.Northerners expressed admiration for him and for his cause. While Southerners assaulted whites who were suspected of antislavery views.

9. LINCOLN IS ELECTED PRESIDENT I.The Republican Convention a.The convention was hosted in Chicago. Republicans flooded into the city to go into the convention. b.The convention opened to a surging crowd of delegates, newsmen, and spectators. c.First day of the convention was passed in forming committees, listening to prayers, and gossiping about politics. As events came to a close, campaign managers for the candidates retreated to their headquarters and began bargaining for delegates’ vote.

10. LINCOLN IS ELECTED PRESIDENT (CONT.) II.Seward and Lincoln a.Abraham Lincoln’s being relatively unknown probably won him the nomination. b.The delegates rejected Seward and his talk of an “irrepressible conflict” between North and South c.Lincoln pledged to stop slavery. He tried to reassure the Southerners that he will not interfere with them. But Southerners didn’t like him still III.The Election of 1860 a.There were 3 other candidates that went against Lincoln they were: 1.Stephen Douglas 2.John C. Breckenridge 3.John Bell b.Lincoln Emerged as winner but less than half popular vote.

11. SOUTHERN SECESSION I.List of States that Seceded South Carolina Mississippi Texas Florida Alabama Georgia Louisiana II.The Shaping of the Confederacy a.On 2/14/1861 delegates from the secessionist states went to Montgomery, Alabama where they formed the Confederacy. b.They also made a Constitution. They also elected Jefferson Davis as president and Alexander Stephens as Vice-President.

12. SOUTHERN SECESSION (CONT.) III.The Calm Before the Storm a.The people were confused if the other 8 states would secede. b.President Buchanan was uncertain that they would secede. He said that secession was illegal, but he couldn’t do anything about it. c.A problem was that Washington, DC was in a southern state.