1. I NTERNATIONAL S EMINAR ON D EMOCRACY AND D ECENTRALIZATION IN I NDONESIA & M ALAYSIA, STPMD, Y OGYAKARTA D ECENTRALISATION, B UREAUCRACY AND P UBLIC S ERVICE D ELIVERY IN M ALAYSIA Dr. Sharifah Syahirah Bt Syed Sheikh Faculty Cognitive & Human Development,Kolej Universiti Poly- Tech MARA Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 26 May 2016 Sekolah Tinggi Pembangunan Masyarakat Desa “APMD”, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2. MALAYSIA Federal constitutional monarchy 13 states 3 Federal Territories The head of state is the King ( 5-year term among the 9 kings of the Malay states. 4 states, which have titular Governors, do not participate in the selection.

4. DECENTRALISATION The transfer of authority and responsibility for public functions from the central government to subordinate or quasi-independent government organizations and/or the private sector—is a complex multifaceted concept. In Malaysia – Privatization, Federal-State List, Local Authority (Pihak Berkuasa tempatan) http://www.ciesin.org

5. BUREAUCRACY The coordination and responsibility for control of work resides above those performing the work. The design of the work system is the responsibility of experts and managers. Breaks down work process into fragments. These fragments are called, departments. It also involves breaking downs work into repetitive simple tasks. Hierarchy is a characteristic of bureaucracy as is we vs. them. Hierarchy maintains power and directs control upwards. http://www.innovation.cc/discussion- papers/bureaucracy.pdf

6. P UBLIC S ERVICE D ELIVERY Indicators : i. Tangible: physical facilities ii. Reliable: the ability to perform the required services iii. Responsiveness: willingness to help & provide prompt service iv. Assurance: ability to inspire trust & confidence v. Accountability: ability to accept responsibility of their action, earn trust, respect integrity. Competent effective manner to achieve set purpose & produce desired result.

7. MALAYSIA Legislative power is divided between federal and state legislatures. The bicameral federal parliament consists of i) The lower house (Dewan Rakyat, 222 MPs, 5 years) ii) The upper house (Dewan Negara, 70 senators, 3 years) Unicameral, 13 State Legislative Assemblies – Local Governments are under state legislative assembly jurisdiction.

11. NATIONAL ISSUES Leadership: Prime Minister axed Deputy PM Muhyiddin Yassin & Kedah Menteri Besar Mukhriz Mahathir (Jun 2015). 1MDB & RM2.67 Billion. Tun Mahathir movement against PM – Citizens’ Declaration. Influx of migrant workers from Bangladesh.

13. http://www.slideshare.net/mbl2020/the-malaysian-constitution- 2873614

14. F EDERAL & S TATE R ELATIONSHIP (A RTICLE 71-74) Federal List: Trade, Commerce & Industry, Foreign Affairs, Defence, Internal Security, Law & order, Physical Development & human development (education, health and medicine). State List: lands and mines, Muslim affairs and customs, Native laws and customs, agriculture and forestry, local government and public services, burial grounds, markets and fairs, and licensing cinemas and theatres. Concurrent list: social welfare, scholarships, town and country planning, drainage and irrigation, housing, culture and sports, public health and water services (Loh, F. (2009), Restructuring Federal-State Relations)

15. S TATE L EGISLATIVE A SSEMBLIES IN M ALAYSIA NO.STATESEATS 1.Perlis15 (BN 15, PR 2) 2.Kedah36 (BN 21, PR 15) 3.Perak59 (BN 31, PR 28) 4.Kelantan45 (BN 12, PR 33) 5.Terengganu32 (BN 17, PR 15) 6.Selangor56 (PR) 7.Melaka28 (BN 23, PR 5) 8.Pahang42 (BN 30, PR 12) 9.Negeri Sembilan36 (BN) 10.Johor56 (BN 50, PR 6) 11.Pulau Pinang59 (BN 31, PR 28) 12.Sabah60 (BN 48, PR 10, BEBAS 2) 13.Sarawak71 (BN) Dewan Undangan Negeri Websites

16. S TATE A DMINISTRATION Pahang State Government Website

17. LOCAL AUTHORITY 149 local authorities i) 12 city councils/Majlis/Dewan Bandar Raya: 500,000 population & yearly income > RM100 mil. ii) 39 municipal councils/Majlis Perbandaran: Urban areas, > 150,000 population & > RM20 mil income yearly. iii) 97 district councils /Majlis Daerah: rural areas, < 150,000 population <RM20 mil income yearly. iv) 5 agensi yang berperanan sebagai Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan. (Kementerian Kesejahteraan Bandar, Perumahan & Kerajaan Tempatan, 2016)

18. FUNCTIONS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN MALAYSIA 4 main categories i) Public amenities & Facilities – toilet, sports & recreation center. ii) Public Sanitation & health. Eg garbage truck, sewage system, drainage. iii) Environmental Protection iv) Social function

19. ISSUE 1: LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTION PROPOSAL Call for local government election. But, currently not making any initiative. The federal government to suspend local council elections in 1965. The suspension was made by means of emergency law namely the Emergency (Suspension of Local Government Elections) Regulations 1965 and its amendment on the same year. Since then, local governments in Malaysia have not been elected. Selection & appointment of local government.

21. ISSUE 2: SERVICE DELIVERY

22. I SSUE : SERVICE

23. ISSUE 3: ENVIRONMENT

25. I SSUE 4: HOUSING

26. ISSUE 5: WELFARE

27. ISSUE 6: MIGRANT WORKER

28. SEKIAN, TERIMA KASIH EMAIL : SHARIFAHSYAHIRAH @ GMAIL. COM