1. Warlord military leaders who lead their own armies over a specific region of land King relied on them to keep his power

2. Aristocrat Rich upper-class land owners Ownership passed down - hereditary

3. Pictograph Characters in the Chinese writing system that represent objects Sun Ancient Modern

4. Ideograph Type of Chinese characters used in Chinese writing. They link two or more pictographs to express an idea, not just one word Represents ideas

5. bureaucracy Government officials that carry out tasks of government Helped the king rule

6. hereditary Passed down from generation to generation Father Son

7. Mandate of Heaven The right to rule god given right Chinese king’s right to rule came from the gods gods chose a wise and good person to rule honestly and well

8. Dao aka Tao “The Way” path to peace

9. Filial piety Son or daughter’s responsibility and duty to respect and obey their parents Foundation of Confucianism

10. Censor Government overseers Special type of government official Job was to make sure the government workers did their work

11. Currency Type of money – coins and/or paper

12. Civil service The administrative service of the government Government workers who were chosen on the basis of competitive tests

13. Tenant farmer Farmers who work land owned by somebody else

14. Legalism The 3 rd Chinese philosophy “School of Law” People are born bad Must be taught right from wrong Rewards and punishments

15. acupuncture Needle therapy to heal wounds

16. philosophy The study of basic ideas about a society- Thinking or thoughts What the society as a group THINKS they should live life The Chinese thinkers developed 3 major philosophies about life

17. Daoism aka Taoism 2 nd Chinese philosophy Living in harmony with the Dao, or the way The guiding force of all reality

18. Confucius The first Chinese philosopher Taught about ethics and values of each individual toward the family and community

19. Confucianism 1 st Chinese philosophy based on the teachings of Confucius Duty to family and community is above his or her own needs = the central idea