1. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING AND USER INTERFACE
INTRODUCTION

2. INTRODUCTION Multimedia system is different form others
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
INTRODUCTION
Multimedia system is different form others
Two Main respects
Variety of information objects used in application
Level of Integration achieved in using these objects in complex interconnected application
Data is shared among large number of application

3. Multimedia Application
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
Multimedia Application
Broadly in the following categories
Mail
Information repositories
Business Processes
Common Characteristics
Shared Application and used by large number of users
Share data object and when they needed
Carried out in Sequential manner
Require Distributed network operation
Mail and Business Process

4. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Target User
Professional who prepare the document , Audio or Soundtracks and full Motion video Clips for Wide distribution
Average Business user preparing documents, Audio recording, or full motion video clips for stored message and presentation

5. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Design issues for Multimedia Authoring
Setting up and maintaining Enterprise wide Guidelines and Standards
Standards must be set for a number of design issues
Display Resolution
Data Formats for Captured data
Compression Algorithm
Network Interfaces
Storage Formats

6. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Display resolution
Wide variety of display systems and screen Resolution
Design Issues
Level of Standardization on display resolution
Display protocol Standardization
Corporate norms for service degradations
Corporate norms for network traffic degradations as they relate to resolution Issues

7. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
File Format and Data Compression Issues
Varies data formats for image , Audio and full motion Video objects
Attribute Information
Compression type
Estimated time to decompress and display or playback
Size of Object
Object Orientation
Annotation markers and History
Index Markers
Date and Time of creation
Source File Name
Version Number
Required software Application

8. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Service Degradation Policies
Must be resolved at the same time that display protocol and resolution and file and data Compression formats are endorsed is that of corporate norms for service Degradations
Several polices
Decline the further request with a message
Provide the playback services in lower resolution
Provide the playback services in full resolution
Provide service at full resolution and frame rate in blocks

9. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Design Approaches to Authoring
Critical design issues
Hypermedia application design Specifics
User Interface Aspects
Embedding / Linking Streams of objects to a Main Document or Presentation
Storage and Access to Multimedia Objects
Playing back combined Streams in a Synchronized manner

10. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Types of Multimedia Authoring Systems
Depends on specific Role
Classifications
Dedicated Authoring System
Timeline Based Authoring System
Structured Authoring System
Programmable Authoring System
Multisource Multi-User Authoring System
Telephone Authoring System

11. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Dedicated Authoring System
simplest authoring systems
It is usually designed for a single user
It needs a very intuitive interface
Used for single user and are at the desk of end users and the authoring is performed on objects captured by camera
Used by users who may not be as knowledgeable about multimedia management

12. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Timeline Based Authoring System
In this Objects are placed along timeline and the timeline is drawn on screen in a window in graphic manner.
Here once the multimedia object has been captured in timeline, it is fixed in location and can be manipulated easily
Objects are placed along a timeline
The composition of objects is based on time
This makes the adjustment of objects’ lengths difficult
Information about the relationship between objects is lost
Newer systems allow authoring on the object composition level

13. A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017

14. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Structured Authoring System
This allows explicit manipulations of the structure of a multimedia presentation
Explicit representation of the structure allows modular authoring of component objects
Good authoring systems should allow the user
to define an object hierarchy
to specify the relative location of each object within that hierarchy
to make temporal adjustment to objects

15. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Structured Authoring System
This system is based on structured object level construction of complex presentations and it may be composed of video clips, music…
This structured authoring systems consists of 2 stages and they are
1. Construction of structure of presentations
2. Assignment of detailed timing constraints
The capabilities of this system are as follows
1. Ability to view the complex structure
2. Maintain object hierarchy
3. Capability to zoom down
4. View specific components in part
5. Provide running status of designated length of the presentation
6. Showing the timing relations
7. Ability to address all multimedia types

16. A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017

17. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Multisource Multiuser Authoring System
The classes of objects that are addressed by multisource multiuser authoring system are as follows
Transparent objects with no temporal qualities such as graphics
Opaque objects with no temporal qualities such as images
Transparent objects with no temporal qualities such as sound and audio
Opaque objects with no temporal qualities such as videos

18. MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
MULTIMEDIA AUTHORING SYSTEM
Telephone Authoring System
The interesting applications are linking the phone into multimedia electronic mail applications and the applications are
The phone can be used as reading device by providing full text to speech synthesis
Telephone can be used for voice command input for setting up and managing voice messages
The capability to recognize continuous speech, phones can be used to create electronic mail messages where the voice is converted into ASCII text

19. HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
The user interface must be highly intuitive to allow the user to learn the tools quickly and be able to use them effectively
By controlling desktop environments, users also need control of their environment and this control includes the following
The ability to specify a primary server for each object class within a domain specified by the system administrator
The ability to specify whether all multimedia objects or only references should be replicated
The ability to specify that the multimedia object should be retrieved immediately for display
Decompression should be performed at another network server locally

20. HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
The steps for the good hypermedia design are as follows
Type of Hypermedia Application
Structuring the information
Determining the navigation through application
Methodologies for accessing the information
Designing user interface

21. HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Integration of Application
The system is used for diverse set of applications that includes the following
Electronic mail
Word processing
Graphics and formal presentation software
Spreadsheet software
Access to relational or object oriented database
Customized applications such as billing, portfolio management

22. HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Common User Interface And Application Integration
Microsoft windows has standardized the user interface for large number of applications at the following levels
Overall visual look and feel
Menus
Dialog boxes
Buttons
Help features
Scroll bars
Tool bars
File open and save

23. HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Data Exchange
Microsoft windows clipboard allows the exchanging data in any format and used to exchange the multimedia objects
The application clipboard allows the following formats to be stored
Text
Bitmap
Image
Sound
Video

24. HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Distributed Data Access
Application integration succeeds only if all applications required for compound object can access the sub objects that they manipulate
In a fully distributed data management, the applications need access to data on any server from any workstation
Fully distributed data access implies that any application at any client workstation

25. HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Hypermedia Application Design
Structuring the Information
Information structuring is used to identify the information objects and to develop an information structure is as follows
Object types and object hierarchies- this shows how the various attributes and representations of real world objects are related. The nature of information structure determines the function that can be performed on that information set
Object representations – multimedia objects have a variety of objects representation and consists of several information elements as text, image, audio and video

26. HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Hypermedia Application Design
Structuring the Information
Object connections – another issue of hypermedia design is object interconnections. In relational model, the connections are achieved through joins and in object oriented models through pointers
Derived connections and representations – traditional schemes ignore derived connections between objects and representations of derived objects. Modeling of hypermedia system should attempt to take derived objects for establishing guidelines

27. HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
HYPERMEDIA APPLICATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Attaching Sounds And Video Clips to Objects
The overall process of creating sound track for a film merge along the parallel paths through recording, editing, premising, final mixing and print mastering
Dialogue editing is the first step in creating a mixed language dialogue track consisting of production dialogue clips as well as dubbed studio clips
The final mix brings the dialogue, music, sound effects together in terms of timing synchronization and the tracks are then combined into print master used for video tape or movie duplication
The key point is that attaching video and sound object is complex process with multiple objects in fully time synchronized manner.

28. A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
USER INTERFACE DESIGN
It is important due to number of types of interactions with the user and the four types of user interface development tools are as follows
Media editor
Authoring applications
Hypermedia object creation
Multimedia object locator and creator

29. USER INTERFACE DESIGN Navigation Through The Application
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
USER INTERFACE DESIGN
Navigation Through The Application
Navigation refers to the sequence in which application progresses and objects are created, searched and used
The navigation is “direct” when the user needs to know what to expect with navigation actions to know what to expect with navigation actions
The navigation is browse mode where the user does not know the precise question
The operation from the display or entry of one object to display or entry of next object is called as link

30. USER INTERFACE DESIGN Designing User Interface
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
USER INTERFACE DESIGN
Designing User Interface
The effective interface design have the following guidelines
Planning the overall structure of application
Planning the content of the application
Planning the interactive behavior
Planning the look and feel of the application

31. USER INTERFACE DESIGN Metaphors For Multimedia Applications
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
USER INTERFACE DESIGN
Metaphors For Multimedia Applications
Multimedia applications have 2 key technologies and they are as follows
Entertainment
Business computing
The entertainment consists of video recording , video playback and game systems Business computing brings phone integration with GUI and voice activated user interface and the types of metaphor are as follows
Organizer metaphor
Telephone metaphor
Aural metaphor
VCR metaphor

32. USER INTERFACE DESIGN Audio video indexing options
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
USER INTERFACE DESIGN
Audio video indexing options
The three issues for indexing audio and video tape are as follows
Counters identify tape locations and the user maintains index listings
Special events are used as index markers
Users can specify locations for index marking

33. A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
INFORMATION ACCESS
The information access defines the way objects can be accessed and how navigations takes place through the information objects and the types are
Direct information
Random selection
Path selection

34. OBJECT DISPLAY/PLAYBACK ISSUES
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
OBJECT DISPLAY/PLAYBACK ISSUES
Each object type has to address common features expected by users and to provide users with special controls and the issues are
Image display issues – images are stored in compressed form and the images scanned by high quality scanners are scanned at 400 pixels
Audio quality – audio files are stored In any format

35. OBJECT DISPLAY/PLAYBACK ISSUES
A.Aruna, Assistant Professor, faculty of Information Technology
4/28/2017
OBJECT DISPLAY/PLAYBACK ISSUES
Video playback – they provide video frame interleaving, scene change frame detection, video scaling, panning and zooming
Three dimensional object display – planar imaging technique is used. 3D images are constructed from 2D images and special projection techniques are used to display them