1. Topic: World War II Ends (1944-45) Essential Question: What was the cost of the war?

2.  European Theater  The Battle of the Bulge (Dec 1944- Jan 1945)  German offensive in Belgium Siegfried Line

3.  The Battle of the Bulge (Dec 1944-Jan 1945)  German offensive in Belgium

4.  The Battle of the Bulge (Dec 1944-Jan 1945)  German offensive in Belgium  Bloodiest battle on the Western Front Belgian civilians Malmedy Massacre Casualties: Allies: 90,000 Germany: 200,000 (½ captured)

5.  German offensive in Belgium  Bloodiest battle on the Western Front  Important Allied victory  Hitler’s risky attack backfired

6.  Important Allied victory  Hitler’s risky attack backfired  Yalta Conference (Feb 1945)  Meeting of the Big Three  Roosevelt  Churchill  Stalin

7.  Roosevelt  Churchill  Stalin  Began making plans for post-war Europe Churchill Plan FDR Plan

8.  Stalin  Began making plans for post-war Europe  April 12, 1945  FDR died a few months after his 4 th term began

9.  April 12, 1945  FDR died a few months after his 4 th term began  Vice President Truman became president

10.  Discuss  Battle of the Bulge  Yalta Conference  FDR’s death  Truman  Write a sentence explaining one of the following:  Battle of the Bulge  Yalta Conference  FDR died a few months after his 4 th term began  Vice President Truman became president

11.  FDR died a few months after his 4 th term began  Vice President Truman became president  The Holocaust  The systematic murder of 6 million Jews by the Nazis  Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany’s loss in World War One

12.  The systematic murder of 6 million Jews by the Nazis  Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany’s loss in World War One  The Nazis began persecuting Jews before World War II 1933: “Don’t buy from Jews” Kristallnacht Nuremberg Laws

13.  Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany’s loss in World War One  The Nazis began persecuting Jews before World War II  Established concentration camps

14.  The Nazis began persecuting Jews before World War II  Established concentration camps  The “Final Solution”  Last stage of the Holocaust  Goal: wipe out the entire Jewish population Wannsee Conference, January 1942

15.  Last stage of the Holocaust  Goal: wipe out the entire Jewish population  Extermination camps were constructed

16.  Goal: wipe out the entire Jewish population  Extermination camps were constructed  More than 5 million non-Jews were also murdered

17.  Extermination camps were constructed  More than 5 million non-Jews were also murdered Kaufering Eisenhower at Ohrdruf

18.  Extermination camps were constructed  More than 5 million non-Jews were also murdered  Victory in Europe  Hitler committed suicide on April 30 Donitz

19.  Victory in Europe  Hitler committed suicide on April 30  Berlin’s defenders surrendered to the Soviets on May 2

20.  Hitler committed suicide on April 30  Berlin’s defenders surrendered to the Soviets on May 2  V-E Day (May 8, 1945)  Victory in Europe Day  The day the Allies accepted Germany’s unconditional surrender London Toronto New York

21.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Victory in Europe Day  The day the Allies accepted Germany’s unconditional surrender

22.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

23.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

24.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

25.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

26.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

27.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

28.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

29.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

30.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

31.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

32.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

33.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

34.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

35.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

36.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

37.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

38.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

39.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

40.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

41.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

42.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

43.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

44.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

45.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

46.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

47.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

48.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

49.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

50.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

51.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

52.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

53.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

54.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  Which statement best summarizes the passage?  A. Monsters are not as dangerous as men because monsters are not real.  B. Real monsters are a danger to people who believe everything they hear.  C. People who are quick to believe and don’t ask questions are very dangerous.  D. It is important for people to act on their beliefs to keep monstrous leaders from power.

55.  “Monsters exist, but they are too few in number to be truly dangerous. More dangerous are the common men, the functionaries ready to believe and to act without asking questions.”  Primo Levi, Auschwitz survivor  How do you think Levi’s time in Auschwitz has shaped his view that common people are so dangerous?

56. Europe Map (Aug 1939-June 1945) Red = AlliesBlue = AxisGreen = Soviets (before joining Allies)

57. Europe Map (Aug 1939-June 1945) Red = AlliesBlue = AxisGreen = Soviets (before joining Allies)

58.  Victory in Europe Day  The day the Allies accepted Germany’s unconditional surrender  Pacific Theater

59.  Battle of Iwo Jima (Feb-March 1945)  Some of the fiercest fighting of the war

60.  Battle of Iwo Jima (Feb-March 1945)  Some of the fiercest fighting of the war  American victory

61.  Some of the fiercest fighting of the war  American victory  Raising the flag on Mount Suribachi  Famous photo

62.  Raising the flag on Mount Suribachi  Famous photo  Ira Hayes of Arizona was one of the Marines

63.  Famous photo  Ira Hayes of Arizona was one of the Marines  Battle of Okinawa (April-June 1945)  Attack on a heavily populated Japanese Home Island (450,000 inhabitants)

64.  Battle of Okinawa (April-June 1945)  Attack on a heavily populated Japanese Home Island (450,000 inhabitants)  Lasted 82 days  American victory V-E Day Announced

65.  Lasted 82 days  American victory  Bloodiest battle in the Pacific Theater  Helped convince President Truman to use the atomic bomb Lt. Gen. Buckner