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VA SOL: WH1.5a-g 1
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Content Objectives: –SWBAT identify & describe the geography and mythology of Ancient Greece. Language Objective –SWBAT pronounce and properly use Polytheistic, Mythology, Peninsula, and Mountainous in a sentence. 2
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I. Location and Geography 3
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Location of Greece Ancient Greece was located in southeast Europe and was centered on a peninsula. Ancient Greece was surrounded by the Aegean, Ionian, and Mediterranean Seas (AIM) 4
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Key Geographic Locations: –Aegean and Ionian seas –Europe –Greek Peninsula –Asia Minor –Mediterranean Sea –Black Sea –Dardanelles –Athens –Sparta –Troy –Macedonia 5
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The physical geography of Aegean Basin shaped economic, social & political development of Greek civilization Ancient Greece mostly a mountainous peninsula jutting into Mediterranean Sea –Thousands of islands in Aegean & Ionian seas –Land and colonies on western coast of Anatolia, in modern day Italy, and on the island of Crete 7
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Mountains caused separate groups of Greek-speaking peoples to develop isolated societies –75 percent of Greece is mountainous with little arable land suitable for crops –Mountains led to the development of separate regions. – Greeks grew crops like grains, grapes and olives 8
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The sea shaped Greek civilization like river valleys shaped ancient Cradles of Civilization –Abundant natural harbors helped Greece to become a maritime nation “linked” to the sea –Aegean, Ionian and Black seas were important transportation and trade routes –Aegean & Ionian seas both allowed crucial access to other lands –Seas vital because Greece lacked natural resources like timber, precious metals, and arable land 9
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First Greek Civilizations Minoan Civilization (2700-1450 B.C.) Mycenaean Civilization (1400-1200 B.C.) 10
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Homer Wrote Epic Poetry Homer wrote great stories about heroes and wars. Stories (Epic Poems)included the Iliad and Odyssey 11
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Homer’s Epic Poems The Iliad The Odyssey 12
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Greek Mythology & Religion (5b) 14
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Greek mythology based on polytheistic religion –Integral to culture, politics, and art in ancient Greece Mythology gave explanations of natural phenomena, human qualities, and life events –Created myths, or traditional stories, about the gods. –Greeks gave their gods human qualities such as: Love, Hate, Jealousy 15
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Zeus: Supreme ruler of Mount Olympus and of the collection of gods who lived there. The spiritual leader of both gods and men. 16
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Hera: Wife to Zeus and considered as the most beautiful of the immortals. Mainly worshipped as a goddess of marriage and birth 17
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Apollo: Son of Zeus. The Sun god, he brought life-giving heat and light to Earth. As patron god of musicians and poets, he carries a lyre. 18
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Artemis: She is a friend to mortals, and dances through the countryside giving her divine protection to the wild beasts, particularly the very young. 19
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Athena: The goddess of wisdom and military victory, and also the patron of the city of Athens. She was the half-sister of Hercules. 20
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Aphrodite: The goddess of love, beauty, fertility and the sea. 21
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Many of Western civilization’s symbols and idealized images come from Greek mythology –Literature, art, monumental architecture, politics 22 Solon: trusted Athenian statesman Classical art: graceful & serene Parthenon: balanced, proportional buildings Homer: wrote epic poems Iliad & Odyssey
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