1. All of these animals don’t look alike, but you recognize them as dogs. What do they have in common?

2. Genetics

3. Genetics is... The study of the passing on of traits from parent to offspring http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVk0twJYL6Y& list=PL05EB0E51EF56E24B&index=10http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVk0twJYL6Y& list=PL05EB0E51EF56E24B&index=10

5. Chromosomes In the nucleus In pairs Carry genes Controls all traits of an organism controls the production of proteins

7. Chromosomes DNAChromosomes are made of DNA DNAgenesDNA is made of genes DNA / genes proteinsDNA / genes codes for proteins ProteinstraitsProteins give you your traits!

8. genes - are the units of heredity Represented with letters You have 2 genes for each trait (1 from mom & 1 from dad) Also Called ALLELES

9. Mendel’s Experiments http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GTiOETaZg4w

10. Experiment 1 Short + Short = Short Called this “True breeding” Also called “purebred” Experiment 2 Tall + Tall = Short & Tall Called “not true breeding Also called hybrid Experiment 3 Purebred TALL + purebred short = all hybrid TALL Discovered some genes dominant, others recessive Experiment 4 Crossed two hybrid TALL and got 3 TALL & 1 short When 2 hybrids are crossed, the result is a Dominant to recessive ratio of 3:1

12. Dominant vs. Recessive Expressed trait capital letter Hidden trait lower case letter

13. Cheat Sheet Dominant + Dominant = Dominant Dominant + Recessive = Dominant Recessive + Recessive = Recessive

14. Dominant vs. Recessive Class activity Example

15. New Vocab

16. Genotype What you look like on the inside Your letters Examples: BB, Bb, or bb

17. Phenotype What you look like on the outside Ex. Tall or short

18. Homozygous Heterozygous Heterozygous

19. Homozygous Homozygous The same 2 upper case OR 2 lower case Ex. TT or tt Purebred Dominant or recessive Heterozygous Different Letters 1 upper case & 1 lower case Ex. Tt or Bb Hybrid Shows the dominant trait

20. Genetics with a smile activity

21. Dragon Genetics Activity

22. Probability Chances of something happening written as a percentage or fraction or a ratio ex. The chances of you being a girl or boy is 50% or 1/2

23. Punnett Squares A chart used to show the possible gene combinations in a cross

24. Steps for making a Punnett Square 1- choose a letter to represent the gene in the cross (the first letter of the dominant trait)

25. 2 - Write the genotypes of the parents outside, on top & on the side of the Punnett square (1 letter for each box) 3- Fill in the squares by writing the gene combinations in the boxes

26. 4- Determine the phenotypes of the offspring and calculate probability Each box of 4 represents 25% chance

27. Genotype Of Offspring 2 letters (25% chance) Genotype Of Offspring 2 letters (25% chance) Genotype Of Offspring 2 letters (25% chance) Genotype Of Offspring 2 letters (25% chance) 1 allele from Parent 2 1 allele from Parent 1