1. Types of practice Sue Young Philip Allan Publishers © 2015

2. Whole practice The task can be presented in its entirety with subroutines intact when the skill is: ●fast/ballistic ●closed ●discrete ●simple ●highly organised AdvantagesDisadvantages Fluency — feel of the skillToo much information UnderstandingMay be beyond the performer’s capability Builds an imageNot for beginners Links between the subroutines maintained Motor programmes Philip Allan Publishers © 2015

3. Part practice Part practice is when the skill is split into its subroutines. In pure part practice each component is practised separately. It is used when the skill is: ●low organised ●complex ●dangerous AdvantagesDisadvantages Reduced demandsTime consuming MotivationLinks? ConfidenceFluency? Reduces danger Reduces fatigue Focus on weakness Philip Allan Publishers © 2015

4. Part practice contd In progressive part practice, each part of the skill is added gradually. It is used when the skill is: ●serial ●complex ●dangerous AdvantagesDisadvantages Keeps linksTime consuming Stages of successIf first part is incorrect, all is lost Motivation Reduces danger Philip Allan Publishers © 2015

5. Massed practice In massed practice there are no rest intervals. It is good for: ●habitual responses/closed skills ●grooving skills It enhances: ●over learning ●formation of motor programmes ●fitness Massed practice is used when: ●the performer is expert ●the skill is discrete ●the skill is simple Disadvantages ●No time for feedback ●Performer fatigue Philip Allan Publishers © 2015

6. Distributed practice Distributed practice allows rest intervals between sessions. It is used when: ●the performer is a beginner ●the skill is complex/serial AdvantagesDisadvantages Less mental pressureNegative transfer Less dangerousTime consuming Allows mental rehearsal Rest intervals allow recovery Facilitates coaching Philip Allan Publishers © 2015

7. Varied practice Varied practice is used for: ●beginners ●open skills ●different methods AdvantagesDisadvantages MotivationNegative transfer Develops schemaTime consuming Builds subroutines Philip Allan Publishers © 2015

8. Fixed practice Fixed practice is good for: ●closed skills ●advanced performers AdvantagesDisadvantages Over learningBoredom Reduces dangerFatigue ConsistencyLacking challenge Good habits Philip Allan Publishers © 2015