1. EX 3: CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS To describe the processes of cytokinesis and mitosis To distinguish the stages of mitosis in plant and animal cells To identify cell structures related to cell division.

2. Two Parts of Cell Division Cytokinesis—division of the cytoplasm Mitosis (karyokinesis)—division of the cell nucleus (DNA is in the form of Chromosomes) Interphase – the non-dividing stage of a cell’s life (DNA is in the form of chromatin)

3. Nucleus—contains the genetic information of the cell In dividing cells the genetic information is in structures called chromosomes In non-dividing cells, the nuclear material is in long thread-like strands called chromatin

4. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. G2G2 Growth occurs as cell prepares to divide. a. DNA replication occurs as chromosomes duplicate. Interphase S Growth occurs as organelles double. M Mitosis and cytokinesis occur. G1G1

6. Overview of Cell Division

7. Plant Cells Allium (Onion)

8. INTERPHASE NOT a phase of mitosis; nondividing,cell growth, normal activity, DNA replication Distinct nucleus surrounded by nuclear envelope Genetic material is chromatin Nucleolus visible

9. nucleus nucleolus

10. PROPHASE Chromosomes becoming visible Two sister chromatids attached by centromere Nuclear envelope breaking down/ disappearing

14. METAPHASE Chromosomes “line up” at cell equator Spindle visible Hint: “m”iddle = “m”etaphase

16. ANAPHASE Sister chromatids separate and move toward the poles of the cell Hint: “a”part = “a”naphase

18. TELOPHASE Nuclear envelope begins to reform Spindle breaking down Cell plate is visible (only in plants—will become the new cell wall)

20. Animal Cells Ascarius (Round worm)

21. Phases Same as plant cell Animal cells have centrioles Telophase –cleavage furrow instead of cell plate—cell membrane “pinches in”

22. Page 231 Early ProphaseProphaseMetaphase AnaphaseTelophaseDaughter Cells Shell Cell Mem. Pronuclei Cytoplasm Chromosomes Cytoplasm Chromosomes Centriole Polar Metaphase Chromosomes Chromosomes Cleavage Furrow

25. chromosomes cytoplasm Cell membrane

28. centriole chromosomes Spindle fibers

35. Cleavage furrow

38. Review terms Mitosis Cytokinesis Chromatin Chromosomes

39. Questions List, in order, the phases of mitosis. Which phase is not considered to be a part of mitosis? Describe the differences between mitosis in animal and plant cells.