1. Chapter 2: Principles of Curriculum Development
Presented by the NRVers:
Lynn Graves,Chase Lowe,Susie Cutlip, and Connie McGuire
Video clips showing curriculum developers, classrooms etc.????

2. CURRICULUM CHANGE
Think about curriculum changes in your school or district:
Which changes have been successful?
Which changes have not been successful?
Jot these thoughts down

3. “Curricularly” Terms:
Curriculum Development: more comprehensive; includes planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Curriculum Improvement: viewed as result of development.
Curriculum Planning: preliminary phase of curriculum development. Workers make decisions and take actions to establish plans.

4. More “Curricularly” Terms:
Curriculum implementation: translation of plans into action.
Curriculum evaluation: determines the success of both the students and the program.
Curriculum revision: the process of making changes and improving an existing curriculum.

5. The whole is greater than the part
Curriculum Axioms
The whole is greater than the part

6. Axiom 1: Inevitability of Change
Change is both inevitable and necessary, for it is through change that life forms grow and develop
human institutions
problems encouraging change
Public schools

7. Axiom 2: Product of Time
School curriculum not only reflects,but is a product of its time
change takes about 10 years
curriculum responds to social forces
societal influence on change

8. Forces Affecting Curriculum & Instruction

9. Axiom 3: Concurrent changes
Curriculum changes made at an earlier period of time can exist concurrently with newer curriculum changes at a later period of time.
Changes coexist and overlap
Good teachers practice this

10. Axiom 4: Change in People
Curriculum change results from changes in people
commitment from those involved
contributions
control

11. Axiom 5: Cooperative Endeavor
Curriculum change is effected as a result of cooperative endeavor on the part of groups.
Curriculum improvement
Small group cooperation

12. Axiom 6: Decision-Making Process
Curriculum development is basically a decision-making process.
Choices among disciplines
Choices among viewpoints
Choices of emphasis
Choices of methods of teaching
Choices in organization of curriculum

13. Axiom 7: Continuous Process
Curriculum development is a never-ending process.
Perfection will never be achieved
Curriculum can always be improved
Continuous monitoring is necessary

14. Axiom 8: Comprehensive
Curriculum development is a comprehensive process.
“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts”: Curriculum developers must be able to see “beyond the trees” and look “at the entire forest”
Planners must frequently view the macrocurriculum, that is the whole curriculum as distinguished from the sum of its parts.

15. Axiom 9: Systematic
Systematic curriculum development is more effective than trial and error.
Curriculum planning should be comprehensive and follow an agreed upon set of procedures

16. Axiom 10: Starts from Existing
The curriculum planner starts from where the curriculum is, just as the teacher starts from where the students are.
Curriculum reorganization
Can not be achieved overnight

17. Wrap Up
Think again about curriculum changes in your school or district. Why were some changes successful and why were they not successful?
Which axiom was influential in it being successful or not being successful?