1. Evaluating simulated vegetation distributions and characteristics Andrew D. Friend, Tim Tito Rademacher, ISI-MIP2 biomes teams, etc. 1

2. Evergreen rainforest CARAIB JULES LPJmLORCHIDEE 2

3. Observed vegetation/biomes  SYNMAP (Jung et al., 2006)  MODIS MOD_BU (Gao et al., 2008)  IGBP DISCover (Loveland et al., 2000, IJRS )  Haxeltine and Prentice (1996)  Olson et al. (1985) 3

4. Friend (2010) JXB 4

5. Vegetation types Friend (2010) JXB From IGBP DISCover land cover (Loveland et al., 2000, IJRS ) 5

6. Observed biomass  Saatchi et al. (2011) GLAS, tropics, trees  Thurner et al. (2014) BIOMASAR GSV, higher N lats, trees  Liu et al. (2015) (Passive μ wave) N Carvalhais et al. Nature 000, 1-5 (2014) doi:10.1038/nature13731 6

7. Observed leaf area MODIS MOD_BU (Gao et al., 2008) Friend (2010) JXB 7

8. Observed canopy height Global map of forest height produced from NASA's ICESAT/GLAS, MODIS and TRMM sensors. The map will advance our understanding of Earth's forest habitats and their role in Earth's carbon cycle. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech 8

9. Filters  Woody fraction (MODIS Vegetation Continuous Field)  Anthropogenically-modified lands removed using MIRCA 9

10. Simulated carbon residence time in ISI-MIP2 global vegetation models No. models within interquartile range of observed interquartile range 10

11. Vegetation Soil Total ALL vs. obs +30% − 52% − 39% Modelled Observed  Soil (T) −− −  Soil (P) 0 −−−  Vegetation (T) +++ −  Vegetation (P) ++ + Simulated carbon residence time in ISI-MIP2 global vegetation models 11

12. Residence time and forest cover CARAIB JULESLPJmL ORCHIDEE GLAS+GSV passive μ wave 12