1. The Role of Personalization in Enhancing Student Learning Michael C. Melville Kristen White University of New Hampshire Background The science and psychology behind learning has long been a topic of research. Many studies have been done to research ways to enhance student learning. The Personalization Principle (PP) has been proven an effective technique for improving leaning Personalization Principle The PP involves engaging the learner by presenting the information in a conversational tone Present Research Methods Results Summary Personalization can be effective, however, individual differences play a role in how effective it can be Individuals who score high on the NTB scale learn better when the PP is applied For individuals who score low on the NTB scale, their quiz performance actually suffers when using personalized learning materials Instructors should be cautious when determining whether to use the PP; further research in this area is needed to establish a clear implementation strategy The present research aims to discover how the activation of social response from Mayer’s path model works. Individual Social Differences One important social aspect that people differ in is their need to belong (NTB) The need to belong principle assesses how strongly people feel about being accepted by others Hypotheses Those who score high on the NTB scale will demonstrate better learning when the PP is applied Those who score low on the NTB scale will not demonstrate better learning when the PP is applied 122 undergraduate students from a psychology participant pool Participants were given a lesson on lightning and a short questionnaire with items measuring their NTB Participants were randomly assigned to control or personalization condition The PP condition used learning materials that were modified according to the PP At the end of the lesson participants completed a 10 item MC quiz for retention and transfer of the information from the lightning lesson Let me tell you what happens during a lightning storm. Lightning can be defined as the discharge of electricity resulting from the difference in electrical charges between a cloud you often see in the sky and the ground around you. Lightning can be defined as the discharge of electricity resulting from the difference in electrical charges between the cloud and the ground. Control 1. If other people don't seem to accept me, I don't let it bother me. 2. I try hard not to do things that will make other people avoid or reject me. 3. I seldom worry about whether other people care about me. 4. I need to feel that there are people I can turn to in times of need. 5. I want other people to accept me. 6. I do not like being alone. 7. Being apart from my friends for long periods of time does not bother me. 8. I have a strong need to belong. 9. It bothers me a great deal when I am not included in other people's plans. 10. My feelings are easily hurt when I feel that others do not accept me. NTB Scale How the Need to Belong Moderates the Personalization Principle Social Agency Mayer’s social agency path model for the personalization principle: Personalization Experimental Lesson Sample